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rAga
by Narayanan Raghunathan
The A signifies a length in pronunciation, also written raaga. The same goes for O meaning oo and E meaning ee. This spelling is used in musical sites.
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rAg in HindusthAni music
rAga(m) in KarnAtik music
rAgam anAdi rahasyam parabrahma shruti tatvam
[rAga is pre-primordial sacred secret parabrahman’s revelatory essences ]
rAgam nitya shruti mantram Ananda pradAyakam
[ rAga is eternal revelatory mantram that bestows divine delight. ]
rAgam avyayam mowna mantra sAkshAtkAram
[ rAga is undefined silent mantrams fulfilling all]
rAg(a) is a melodious secret soaked in rich sonorous Silences.
rAg(a) is made of the Swaras [ the notes ] of the scale.
The Sapta Swaras[Seven Basic Notes ] are Shadja [Sa] Rishabha[Ri] GandhAra [Ga] Madyama[Ma}, Panchama [Pa] , Dhaivata [ Dha] , NishAda[Ni] .
In this set of notes the notes are ascending in frequency [pitch]. In the difference in pitch between these musical intervals other intermediary notes called vikrita swaras may be defined.
“
Sa Ri Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni ~ Suddha Swaras
ri ga ma dha ni ~ Vikrita Swaras “ [1]
No Swaras {notes) are discernible easily between Ga and Ma and Ni and Sa*[ the higher Sa* ]
“In Western musical terminology these are the natural[7] notes and variants [5], Writing them in tonic sol-fa notation they can be arranged thus.
doh ray me fal sol la te ~ Natural Scale
d r m f s l t ~ Symbol for Natural Scale
ra ma fa la ta ~ flats and sharp
In the scale of C these will be written as
C D E F G A B
Db Eb F# Ab Bb “ [2]
[1] and [2] from
Page 6 “An Introduction to Indian Music” by B. Chaitanya Deva ~
(Publications Division ~ Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. Government of India.)
rAga has an ascending scale [ Arohana ] and descending scale [avarohana] of swaras.
Thus Rag Bhoopali is Sa Ri Ga Pa Dha
C D E G A
[The western equivalents of these swaras (notes) and the KarnAtik equivalents are dealt with in the swara section elaborately.]
If rAga music is considered to be a language, the swaras are the alphabets.
Generally a rAga uses five, six, or seven swaras in its elaboration. The Arohana and Avarohana technically defines the rAga. and no other swara [note] may be added or omitted
There are also few rAgas that use more than seven notes. These are fewer. Eg. Mishra Piloo
BalamuraliKrishna has also experimented and conjured rAgas with four or even three Swaras (notes), in KarnAtik music. Some pundits of music don’t think these are valid as rAgas Eg Lavangi .
There are also rAgas with a specifically crooked or disorderly asent and descent. of swaras(notes).
A rAg(a) has a specific name.
Kalyani, Vasantha, Todi, ~~~ etc [ KarnAtik ]
Bilaval, Megh, MArwa, PilO ~~~etc { HindusthAni]
Most serious listeners can identify the rAg(a) as they begin to unfold itself. This helps them to appreciate the subtle nuances of the rAg(a). It needs sustained effort by the listener to familiarize oneself with the nuances.
Exact historical Origin of rAg(a) or the word rAg(a) cannot be certainly ascertained.
The Vedic hymns especially the sAma veda chants must have resonated the earliest rAgas in intrinsic revelatory mode.{ There were 1008 ways of Chanting the sAma according to tradition. Most of these are lost in time and only about 10 ways of recitation are still in vogue. ) It is preferable to consider the origin of rAga to be mysterious than a specifc historic product.
The classification of rAga(s) in KarnAtik and HindusthAni are generally different.
Although there are some rAga(s) mutually adapted.
A rAga which uses seven swaras in the arohana and avarohana is called sampOrna
The 72 Melakarta raga(s) of KarnAtik Music are all SampOrna
A rAga which uses six swaras in the Arohana and avarohana is called shadava
A rAga which uses five swaras in the Arohana and avarohana is called audava
A rAga which uses seven swaras in the Arohana and
six swaras in the avarohana is called sampOrna - shadava
A rAga which uses seven swaras in the Arohana and
five swaras in the avarohana is called sampOrna ~ audava
A rAga which uses six swaras in the Arohana and
seven swaras in the avarohana is called shadava – sampOrna
A rAga which uses six swaras in the Arohana and
five swaras in the avarohana is called shadava –audava
A rAga which uses five swaras in the Arohana and
seven swaras in the avarohana is called “audava-sampOrna”
A rAga which uses five swaras in the Arohana and
six swaras in the avarohana is called audava-shadava
rAga and Seasons
In Hindusthani rAga scheme
There are rAgas associated with a specific Ritu [ Season] .
Eg. basant, bahar, megh etc
There are many rAgas that are Sarva Ritu [ All seasonal ]
Bilaval Darbari Kanada
Examples
Months rAga
March april Hindol
May –june Deepak
July-August Megh
September–October Bhairav
November –December Shree
January – February Malkauns “ [~1~]
In The KarnAtik rAga scheme
rAgas are not generally classified seasonally.
rAga and Time of day
It is generally believed and there are sufficient aesthetic reasons to believe that some rAga(s) are better sung at some time of the day that their full possibilities manifest only at those times.
“ There is a logical extension to the rAga-season association in Indian music, as it also believes in a rAga–time association. Many performers follow the resulting norm assiduously and many theoreticians have passionately argued about it. In an appealing music-time correspondence the day night cycle is divided into segments and the resultant time cycle has slots allotted to definite rAgas. A raga performed out of the designated time slot is said to loose in efficacy. Significantly all rAgas are not allotted time-slots, but each time slot is given some raga. It must be admitted that the time-rAga relationship, as envisaged in the rules, links music to many non-musical aspects of life around , and in the process enriches both” [ ~2~]
[~1~] and [~2~]
From
Hindustani Music by Ashok Da.Ranade [Published by National Book Trust India.]
rAga: Some Aestheic and Technical Details
vAdi is the main note of raga which is specially stressed, the primal spokesman, The fourh or fifth note from vAdi is called samavAdi [in equal dialogue] . The remaining notes of the rAga are called anuvAdi [ followers(supporters) of vAdi] and the notes not included in the raga are vivAdi[ controversial, in disagreement] .
gamakAs are the various embellishments[sliding, twitching stressing, lingering ] of specific notes which are an intrinsic part of a rAga. The same note becomes different in different rAgas showing their intrinsic tonal colour by these special GamakAs. The gamakAs are classified and named too. KarnAtik music uses more GamakAs than hindusthAni music. ( Gamakas are also known as Meends in HindusthAni Music. )
A rAga may be rendered in different tempi [ Laya]
Vilambit(Slow) Madhyam(Medium) Dhrut (Fast)
We can have the swaras (notes) in the lower octave { mandra sthAyi } middle octave { madhya sthAyi } upper octave (tara sthAyi} “The SthAyi or Sapthaka (set of seven )
corresponds to register in western music. We can also have further higher octaves such as ati tara sthayi and lower octaves anumandra sthAyi. The Essential idea is a division of a continuum of pitches in set of Sapthakas each extending from one Sa to another (the latter exclusive).”[3 ] [ When the latter is included it become the octave!
[3] From ~ Page 16 “An Introduction to Indian Music” by B. Chaitanya Deva ~
(Publications Division ~ Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. Government of India.)
The Nava Rasas { The Nine Emotional Essences}
The Rasa Theory of Natya Shastra by Bharata Muni [~ 2 century BC at least ] is a prevelant notion of appreciation of All Indian art forms. There are Nava Rasas
These are shringAra (love, eros) , hAsya (humour, laughter, delight), karuna (compassion, kindness) roudra (wrath, anger), vEra(bravery, courage), bhayAnaka(fearsome) , bhEbhatsya( grotesque) , adbhutha ( divine wonder ) and shAntha (peace ).
Some rAgas are specially supposed to invoke some rasAs.
This is a vast conjectural field and most rAgas are not classified in this scheme.
The Rasa are more revealed in Indian dance forms directly.
Compositions and styles of rAga rendering .
The most free version of rAg(a) is the Alap(ana) when the artiste freely improvises adhering to the essential Rasa[emotional content] of the rAg(a) without any Thaal(a){rhythm , cyclic-beat). Here the artist just articulates the rAga in arbitrary note sounds without any verbal composition. He uses AA ~ tadri tanaa etc
" examined musically the situation allows a musician unbounded freedom which is almost frightening - mainly because of the immense possibilities” [ ~3 ~]
As we have seen KarnAtik and HindusthAni use different compositions by different composers . The style of rendering is entirely different too.
KarnAtik music has various types of compositions used in concert music.
GEtham, Varnam, Keerthanam, Thillana, Pallavi Bhajan etc.~
Various styles of KarnAtik music has found expression generally referred to as bAni
For example you can say Semmangudi bAni or Madurai Mani Iyer bAni relating it to the founder of the style.
HindusthAni has two major styles of rendering.
1) The Traditional Dhrupad Dhamar v(b)Ani (way of voicing )
2) Modern KhayAl v(b)Ani ( way of voicing )
Each has various sub-styles called GharanAs.( Home Styles)
The Other types of HindusthAni Compositions are
Thumri Ghazal TaPa TarAna QuwAli etc
Musical Theory and rAga Classification ~
KarnAtik [ South Indian music ] there is a very well defined systematic classification of rAga(s) prevalent ever since Venkatamakhi’s Melakarta Scheme which was envisaged in the seventeenth century AD.
HindusthAni music was formally theoretically organized only in the beginning of this century by Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande.But this system is not as inclusive and much less satisfactory than the KarnAtik Melakarta system.
Technically speaking The Melakarta Classification is very organized and logical too. In fact many rare KarnAtik Melakarta rAgas can be rendered into Hindusthani Dhrupad style etc. provided somebody ventures to deeply experiment with the rAga(s).
Now the number of named rAga(s) in KarnAtik paDhati [ Way] is far more than HindusthAni.
Many rAgas were adapted mutually
For Example
tilang, pahAdi, desh, kAfi from Hindusthani to KarnAtik
sAveri, chArukesi, kEravAni from KarnAtik to Hindusthani
Musical Instruments and rAgas
rAgas are played on various musical instruments too
Saraswati Veena, Gottu vAdyam are the traditional stringed instruments of KarnAtik Music ( Western violin has been adapted into KarnAtik music for over 100 years, It is used for solo playing, but it is an intrinsic ingredient of any vocal concert too. Violin is the most accepted accompaniment for vocal music in KarnAtik music. Mandolin Srinivas has adapted the western .mandolin for Playing KarnAtik music. Recently The guitar is also being adapted into the KarnAtik arena.)
PullAmkuzhal(Flute) and NAdaswaram are the traditional wind instruments. of KarnAtik Music ( The legendary AKC Nastarajan played KarnAtik music on the
Clarinet and Kadri Gopalnath has used the saxophone too)
Mridangam, Ghatam, Ganjira, morsing, are the traditional percussion instruments used in KarnAtik music.
Rudra Veena, Been, Sitar, SArangi, Sarod, Surbahar are the traditional stringed instruments of Hindustani Music. Violin has been adapted to HindusthAni music.[N.Rajam]
Guitar is being recently adapted into HidusthAni music.[Brij Bhushan Kabra ].
Bamsuri (flute) and Shehnai are the traditional wind instruments of HimndusthAni Music.
Pakhawaj and Tabla are the two percussion instruments used in HidusthAni music.
In Indian music every (stringed, wind ) instrument irrespective of its structural design aspires to create the same rAga music. There are no separate scores for each instrument.
Every instrument thus reaches or aspires towards its limits of expressibility in each individual rAga.
Similarly, all the Percussion instrumentalists play the same individual tAl(a) from a set of many tAlas on different percussion instruments.
Indian Music and Jazz
Indian music is similar to Jazz: Here too the musician creates the music as he traverses. But it is much more subtle, that each rAga is infinite possibility and tremendously disciplined. rAg(a)’s freedom is like walking dancing on a trapeze string.
Indian rAgas can create Jazz and rock as part of its style since even they have some element of some rAgas in them.
Religious and Ritualistic Element in Indian Music
Indian Music is deep rooted in the religious traditions of the land and the compositions are connected to the Gods of the mythological world.. A Performance is thus a religious ritual.
“ For Indian musicians groomed in tradition rAga is not grammar but a deity. The rAga is to be invoked and not simply presented with skill. The listeners , on the other hand , are expected to not to treat rAga merely as a performance of music.to be applauded at the end..” [~3~]
From
Hindustani Music by Ashok Da.Ranade [Published by National Book Trust India.]
General Links
For an Easy Introduction to KarnAtik music ~
http://www.hindubooks.org/culture/carnatic/index.html
http://www.hindubooks.org/culture/carnatic/the_melakarta_scheme/page1.htm
THE MELAKARTA FOUNDATION OF CARNATIC MUSIC
INTRODUCTION BY S.RAJAM
RENDERING ON THE VEENA BY
KAMALA NARASIMHAN
Carnatic Music traces it's original roots to the chants of the Sama Veda. The Yagnavalkya Samhita (III.4.115) says that he who knows the truth of Vina play, Srutis, Jatis and Talas, treads an easy path to salvation. Carnatic Music, in it's present form rests on the structure set out in the Melakarta Scheme. Formulated first by Venkatamakhi, who is placed in the 17th. Century A.D., the Scheme envisaged some Asampurna ragas, that is, without the full complement of the seven svaras or notes of the octave. It was later modified by Govindacharya to include only ragas with the full complement of seven svaras. (Sampurna). This is what is now followed. It is, of course, to be noted that the octave of seven notes, is basic to vitually all music systems of the world.
This Scheme envisages the Sa and Pa as fixed svaras, with the Ma having two variants and the remaining svaras as having three variants each. This leads to 72 seven-note combinations referred to as the Melakarta Ragas. The omission of one or more notes in the Arohana or Ascending and / or Avarohana or Descending swara sequences from any Melakarta leads to a very large number of Janya Ragas. Janya means born of, or derived from.
Thousands of compositions of different types : the Gita, the Varna, Kirtana, Padam, Pallavi, Tillana etc, have been composed in these Melakarta or Janya Ragas by various famous composers, presenting an enormous range and depth in presenting the melodic possibilities of each. And of course, without the limitations of a composition, the Alapana provides the format where any musician can elaborate any Raga for as long as likes, with improvisation being limited only by his or her imagination.
A great composition in this context is a Ragamalika, embracing all the 72 Melakarta Ragas, by the great composer, Maha Vaidyanatha Sivan (1844-93). A beautiful rendering of this composition by Smt.M.S.Subbulakshmi is available on a Cassette from HMV under then title "Mela Ragamalika Chakra".
All these ragas have also been illustrated by a complete set of 72 Kirtanas by another illustrious composer Kotiswara Aiyar. (1869-1938). Anyone interested in obtaining a compilation of a full set of these Kirtanas, with full notations, along with their vocal rendering on a set of 10 Cassettes, can obtain them from the contributor of this Introduction.
It is intended that this presentation should provide a basic point of entry into the incredibly beautiful world of Carnatic music. Each entry in the table below provides a link to a Veena rendering of the Arohana and Avarohana with a very brief rendering of the Raga outline to illustrate the unique melodic shape that the notes of the Raga takes.
It is expected in due course, to have the links below extended to take the viewer on through onward links to information and music of the great composers and artistes who have contributed to developing and preserving this great Indian musical tradition over the centuries.
The Swara symbols used in the table below and the corresponding Swara names are :
Sa : Shadjamam : this is the base note of the octave, the name Shad-ja itself meaning "giving birth to next 6 notes".
R1 : Suddha Rishabham R2 : Chatusruti Rishabham R3 : Shatsruti Rishabham
G1 : Suddha Gandharam G2 : Sadharana Gandharam G3 : Antara Gandharam
M1: Suddha Madhyamam M2 : Prati Madhyamam
P : Panchamam
D1 : Suddha Daivatam D2 : Chatusruti Daivatam D3 : Shatsruti Daivatam
N1 : Suddha Nishadam N2 : Kaisiki Nishadam N3 : Kakali Nishadam
From
http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/mirrors/vv/arts/mela.html
A Complete list of Melakarta RagAs and various Janya Ragas are sorted here alphabetically.
http://www.geocities.com/promiserani2/melas.html
A Tribute To Tyagaraja
V. N. Muthukumar and M. V. Ramana
http://www.sawf.org/newedit/edit05132002/musicarts1.asp
Spotlight (Continued)
Reproduced from Sruti 191 (August 2000).
T.R. Balamani: A Fine Teacher
http://www.sruti.com/august2k/spot1.htm
Hindusthani Thata
Articles on Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/vn_bhatkhande_articles.html
Born on the auspicious Gokulashtami day of 1860, Vishnu Narain Bhatkhande was destined to play a most significant role in the renaissance of Hindustani classical music. In the words of a cultured royal patron of music who was a contemporary and a great admirer of Panditji, "When Bhatkhande resolved to translate his love for Hindustani Music into a continued, unwearied day-to-day programme of service, he had to confront social, intellectual, and finally, professional prejudices. These took shape as positive obstacles, definite active resistance. He had to face all this very early in life, even as a student seeking no more than information and enlightenment, and later on, as a crusader in the cause of classical music".
A lesser man, or a man inspired by a lesser passion for music would have fled from the field defeated and crushed by the endless obstacles in his path. But Bhatkhande's was really a dedicated life, inspired by a single, undivided aim. In the words of the late D.P. Mukerji:- "If the renaissance of classical music in the North is due to one man than to any other, it was due to Bhatkhande."
http://www.chembur.com/anecdotes/bhatkhande.htm
Study in India at Bhatkhande Music University
http://www.swargram.org/bhatuniv.html
Check for Sri Bhatkande’s portrait here
http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030126/spectrum/gallery/pages/v%20n%20bhatkhande.htm
This is a very useful site for lovers of rAga music
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/index.html
Review of CDs in
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/reviews.html
Glossary of Terms KarnAtik and Hindusthani Music
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/glossary.html
A Technical Introduction - Raaga Basics
Raaga
Aarohana and Avarohana
Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vivaadi
Ambit or provenance
Pakad
Meend or Gamaka
Time of day
Mood
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/introduction/raaga_basics.html
KarnAtik Composers
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/carnatic_composers.html
HindusthAni Composers ~
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/hindustani_composers.html
Artists ~
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/script/artist_list.aspx
Where To Buy
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/where_to_buy.html
Music Samples ~
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/script/music_samples.aspx
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Back to
***** Raag[am]
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1/21/2006
Music: Raagam
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Indian music {Raagam Music, Raga}
***** Location: India
***** Season: Non-Seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
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Explanation
Raag[am]
Shruthi, Raag[am] and Thaal[am], are the three major aspects of Indian Classical Music.
The Saptha Swaras [ The seven basic notes ] make the Raag[am]. But the Raaga or Raagam is not simply an ascending and descending scale of fixed notes. It has a unique Bhaavam[ Mood Expression, Life]. There are Innumerable Raagam[s].
Raag [ Hindusthani ] Raagam [ Karnaatik ]
This word can variously mean colour, design, symmetry, organization. desire, etc.
SPELLING
The A signifies a length in pronounciation, also written raaga. The same goes for O meaning oo and E meaning ee. This spelling is used in musical sites.
rAga and Seasons
In Hindusthani rAga scheme
There are rAgas associated with a specific Ritu [ Season] .
Eg. basant, bahar, megh etc
There are many rAgas that are Sarva Ritu [ All seasonal ]
Bilaval Darbari Kanada
Examples
Months rAga
March - April Hindol
May -June Deepak
July-August Megh
September–October Bhairav
November –December Shree
January – February Malkauns
[~1~]
In the KarnAtik rAga scheme rAgas are not generally classified seasonally.
rAga and Time of Day
It is generally believed and there are sufficient aesthetic reasons to believe that some rAga(s) are better sung at some time of the day that their full possibilities manifest only at those times.
“There is a logical extension to the rAga-season association in Indian music, as it also believes in a rAga–time association. Many performers follow the resulting norm assiduously and many theoreticians have passionately argued about it. In an appealing music-time correspondence the day night cycle is divided into segments and the resultant time cycle has slots allotted to definite rAgas. A raga performed out of the designated time slot is said to loose in efficacy.
Significantly all rAgas are not allotted time-slots, but each time slot is given some raga. It must be admitted that the time-rAga relationship, as envisaged in the rules, links music to many non-musical aspects of life around , and in the process enriches both” [ ~2~]
[~1~] and [~2~]
From
Hindustani Music by Ashok Da.Ranade
[Published by National Book Trust India.]
To read a detailed explanation of rAga
by Narayanan Raghunathan CLICK here.
Narayanan Raghunathan
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Raga Bhairava, personifying the first mode of the Indian classical music.
Bhairava, howsoever terrific his form, has his softer aspects when seated under a canopy or riding his Nandin he represents such beautiful musical modes as the Raga Bhairava, or Raga Kedara.
Qoute from : The Forms of Shiva
Exoticindia.com
http://www.exoticindia.com/article/formsofshiva/
http://www.exoticindiaart.com/article/lordshiva
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Worldwide use
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Things found on the way
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HAIKU
breathing malkauns
Kumar Gandharva tapers
into endless silences
Malkauns
Name of a traditional Hindusthaani Raag. More of a night Raag. This Raag has similarity to Karnaatik Raagam Hindolam. But essentially they are rendered in entirely different ways. Malkauns is sung in both Dhrupad and Khayaal Styles.
Pandit Kumar Gandharva
The legendary Hindusthani musician. A child prodigy. Original brilliant versatile maestro. A Musician's musician yet every body's musician. His Nirguni Bhajans and innovations adapting various folk melodies to create new Raags must be specially mentioned.
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Tadejati tannaijeti taddoore tadwantike
tadantrasya sarvasya tadu sarvasyaasya baahyata:
Isaavaasyopanishad
It Moves~It Moves Not ~
It Is Far very Far ~ It Is Here so Near
It Is Within All yet verily
It Is Outside All too.
[ Translation Narayanan Raghunathan ]
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bathing my father
I sing Bhairavi ~
birds bead silences
Note:
Bhairavi is a name of Durga, as spouse of Mahaa Kaala Bhairava [ The Glorious Lord Beyond All Worlds of Time And Space ~ A name of Lord Shiva ]
Bhairavi is a different Raaga[m] In Hindusthani and Karnaatik Padhatis (Systems). Here it is the Karnaatik Raagam Bhairavi that is referred to.
ooo ooo ooo
singing bhOpAlam now,
you will wake up
the midnight sun
and the kids
Note
BhOpAlam is a specially dawn raga of KarnAtik music.
Narayanan Raghunathan
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Related words
***** Music of India
***** . Raga Chandar Kauns - CHANDRAKAUNS .
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:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Indian music {Raagam Music, Raga}
***** Location: India
***** Season: Non-Seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
Raag[am]
Shruthi, Raag[am] and Thaal[am], are the three major aspects of Indian Classical Music.
The Saptha Swaras [ The seven basic notes ] make the Raag[am]. But the Raaga or Raagam is not simply an ascending and descending scale of fixed notes. It has a unique Bhaavam[ Mood Expression, Life]. There are Innumerable Raagam[s].
Raag [ Hindusthani ] Raagam [ Karnaatik ]
This word can variously mean colour, design, symmetry, organization. desire, etc.
SPELLING
The A signifies a length in pronounciation, also written raaga. The same goes for O meaning oo and E meaning ee. This spelling is used in musical sites.
rAga and Seasons
In Hindusthani rAga scheme
There are rAgas associated with a specific Ritu [ Season] .
Eg. basant, bahar, megh etc
There are many rAgas that are Sarva Ritu [ All seasonal ]
Bilaval Darbari Kanada
Examples
Months rAga
March - April Hindol
May -June Deepak
July-August Megh
September–October Bhairav
November –December Shree
January – February Malkauns
[~1~]
In the KarnAtik rAga scheme rAgas are not generally classified seasonally.
rAga and Time of Day
It is generally believed and there are sufficient aesthetic reasons to believe that some rAga(s) are better sung at some time of the day that their full possibilities manifest only at those times.
“There is a logical extension to the rAga-season association in Indian music, as it also believes in a rAga–time association. Many performers follow the resulting norm assiduously and many theoreticians have passionately argued about it. In an appealing music-time correspondence the day night cycle is divided into segments and the resultant time cycle has slots allotted to definite rAgas. A raga performed out of the designated time slot is said to loose in efficacy.
Significantly all rAgas are not allotted time-slots, but each time slot is given some raga. It must be admitted that the time-rAga relationship, as envisaged in the rules, links music to many non-musical aspects of life around , and in the process enriches both” [ ~2~]
[~1~] and [~2~]
From
Hindustani Music by Ashok Da.Ranade
[Published by National Book Trust India.]
To read a detailed explanation of rAga
by Narayanan Raghunathan CLICK here.
Narayanan Raghunathan
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Raga Bhairava, personifying the first mode of the Indian classical music.
Bhairava, howsoever terrific his form, has his softer aspects when seated under a canopy or riding his Nandin he represents such beautiful musical modes as the Raga Bhairava, or Raga Kedara.
Qoute from : The Forms of Shiva
Exoticindia.com
http://www.exoticindia.com/article/formsofshiva/
http://www.exoticindiaart.com/article/lordshiva
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
breathing malkauns
Kumar Gandharva tapers
into endless silences
Malkauns
Name of a traditional Hindusthaani Raag. More of a night Raag. This Raag has similarity to Karnaatik Raagam Hindolam. But essentially they are rendered in entirely different ways. Malkauns is sung in both Dhrupad and Khayaal Styles.
Pandit Kumar Gandharva
The legendary Hindusthani musician. A child prodigy. Original brilliant versatile maestro. A Musician's musician yet every body's musician. His Nirguni Bhajans and innovations adapting various folk melodies to create new Raags must be specially mentioned.
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Tadejati tannaijeti taddoore tadwantike
tadantrasya sarvasya tadu sarvasyaasya baahyata:
Isaavaasyopanishad
It Moves~It Moves Not ~
It Is Far very Far ~ It Is Here so Near
It Is Within All yet verily
It Is Outside All too.
[ Translation Narayanan Raghunathan ]
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bathing my father
I sing Bhairavi ~
birds bead silences
Note:
Bhairavi is a name of Durga, as spouse of Mahaa Kaala Bhairava [ The Glorious Lord Beyond All Worlds of Time And Space ~ A name of Lord Shiva ]
Bhairavi is a different Raaga[m] In Hindusthani and Karnaatik Padhatis (Systems). Here it is the Karnaatik Raagam Bhairavi that is referred to.
ooo ooo ooo
singing bhOpAlam now,
you will wake up
the midnight sun
and the kids
Note
BhOpAlam is a specially dawn raga of KarnAtik music.
Narayanan Raghunathan
*****************************
Related words
***** Music of India
***** . Raga Chandar Kauns - CHANDRAKAUNS .
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Aju Mukhopadhyay
[ . BACK to Worldkigo TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Aju Mukhopadhyay
AJU MUKHOPADHYAY is a well-known Indian writer.
Aju Mukhopadhyay is a poet, essayist, feature and fiction writer.
His features and articles include those on travel, food, health and culture, festivals, on Sri Aurobindo and the Mother, on Nature, Spiritualism and Environment and many other subjects. He has been writing short stories for many years. He has three books of short stories and two books of poems among his thirteen books in Bengali, which include poems, biographies, essays and translations. He edited two little magazines (Chhota Galpo and Sampratik Chhoto Galpo) for short stories in Bengali between 1967 and 1970. Some of his stories have been translated in other languages and included in anthologies.
His short stories in English have been published in various renowned magazines and have been broadcast through All India Radio. He has authored eight books in English, which include novel, poems, biography, short story and environment.
He has two books of poems published in English, titled
The Witness Tree and
Short Verse Vast Universe
which have been highly acclaimed in magazines and newspapers. His poems have been included in anthologies and internet magazines.
He has been awarded Certificate of Competence as a Published Writer by the Writers Bureau, Manchester, UK and awarded Best Poet of the Year-2003 by the Poets International, Bangalore, India. He is a member of the Research Board of Advisors of the American Biographical Institute.
He is a nature and animal lover. He works and writes for the protection of nature and environment.
Look at his BLOG here:
http://ajumukhopadhyaycom.blogspot.com/
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Short Verse Vast Universe (A book of Poems)
This is a book of Haiku, Zen, Tanka and short poems in the Japanese style.
. . .www.ajumukhopadhyay.com/New_Releases.html
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Spring Festivals in India
Read an Essay by Aju Mukhopadhyay
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Short Verse
A Heritage of World Literature
Read an Essay by Aju Mukhopadhyay
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Reddened with pan
her lips attracted
the village macho.
Giving fruit and water
Spreading hands over our head
Tree mothers us.
Last year in the grave
her body was laid innocent
now covered by thorns violent.
© Aju Mukhopadhyay, 2006
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
From the Pune Haiku Meet, December 2006
dipping dancing and
gesting alone in Mulamutha-
happy cormorant.
light and shade, cobwebs
Mulamutha flows timidly;
dark Nala park.
trees bushes cobwebs
in dark canopied Nala park
guard the silence.
A damsel in blue camis
ambles in the green meadow
a tree witnesses.
River Mula welcomes
the morning sun, broken through
leaves and stalks.
© Aju Mukhopadhyay
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Short Verse Delight
ISBN: 978-93-81032-01-5.
wasps buzz
in the heart of the lotus
usurpers be aware
Reviewed by Patricia Prime
*****************************
Back to
***** Haiku in India
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Aju Mukhopadhyay
AJU MUKHOPADHYAY is a well-known Indian writer.
Aju Mukhopadhyay is a poet, essayist, feature and fiction writer.
His features and articles include those on travel, food, health and culture, festivals, on Sri Aurobindo and the Mother, on Nature, Spiritualism and Environment and many other subjects. He has been writing short stories for many years. He has three books of short stories and two books of poems among his thirteen books in Bengali, which include poems, biographies, essays and translations. He edited two little magazines (Chhota Galpo and Sampratik Chhoto Galpo) for short stories in Bengali between 1967 and 1970. Some of his stories have been translated in other languages and included in anthologies.
His short stories in English have been published in various renowned magazines and have been broadcast through All India Radio. He has authored eight books in English, which include novel, poems, biography, short story and environment.
He has two books of poems published in English, titled
The Witness Tree and
Short Verse Vast Universe
which have been highly acclaimed in magazines and newspapers. His poems have been included in anthologies and internet magazines.
He has been awarded Certificate of Competence as a Published Writer by the Writers Bureau, Manchester, UK and awarded Best Poet of the Year-2003 by the Poets International, Bangalore, India. He is a member of the Research Board of Advisors of the American Biographical Institute.
He is a nature and animal lover. He works and writes for the protection of nature and environment.
Look at his BLOG here:
http://ajumukhopadhyaycom.blogspot.com/
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Short Verse Vast Universe (A book of Poems)
This is a book of Haiku, Zen, Tanka and short poems in the Japanese style.
. . .www.ajumukhopadhyay.com/New_Releases.html
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Spring Festivals in India
Read an Essay by Aju Mukhopadhyay
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Short Verse
A Heritage of World Literature
Read an Essay by Aju Mukhopadhyay
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Reddened with pan
her lips attracted
the village macho.
Giving fruit and water
Spreading hands over our head
Tree mothers us.
Last year in the grave
her body was laid innocent
now covered by thorns violent.
© Aju Mukhopadhyay, 2006
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
From the Pune Haiku Meet, December 2006
dipping dancing and
gesting alone in Mulamutha-
happy cormorant.
light and shade, cobwebs
Mulamutha flows timidly;
dark Nala park.
trees bushes cobwebs
in dark canopied Nala park
guard the silence.
A damsel in blue camis
ambles in the green meadow
a tree witnesses.
River Mula welcomes
the morning sun, broken through
leaves and stalks.
© Aju Mukhopadhyay
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Short Verse Delight
ISBN: 978-93-81032-01-5.
wasps buzz
in the heart of the lotus
usurpers be aware
Reviewed by Patricia Prime
*****************************
Back to
***** Haiku in India
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Short Verse Essay
nnnnnnnnnnnn TOP nnnnnnnnnnnnn
Short Verse
A Heritage of World Literature
By Aju Mukhopadhyay
The world of epics is not compatible with the present day mood of the connoisseurs. The restive mind of the modern man can neither conceive nor relish the epics though the world is moving with its ever increasing mass of living beings. Sometimes poets of later ages used to contribute their might to swell the body of such epics as a national heritage, though diminishing their quality. The original length of Mahabharata, between 24000 to little over 26000 slokas, swelled to more than one lac slokas. Epics, the literary history of civilizations, like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are no longer produced. The present age is the age of short poems of various genres like Sonnet, Rubaiyat, Ghazal, Haiku, Zen, Tanka poem, quatrains, couplets, other rhymed and prose poems.
The book like the Golden Gate in verse by Vikram Seth is only a novel. Epic poems were written from time to time but not the epics of the lore. Sri Aurobindo’s Savitri, written in the last century, spanning beyond 24000 lines, is a spiritual epic of a different genre.
Though there is no clear definition of short poems, which may perhaps extend to a few pages, longer poems are usually called long poems. I want to restrict my discussion to really very short poems of two to four lines usually. Examples of such creations are available aplenty in world literature. Ancients used very short poems too, to express profound wisdom.
The mandalas in the Vedas, the oldest available scriptures in the world, consist of suktas or hymns of two lines, as heard by the Rishis. Book of Psalms in the Bible consist of psalms of three or four lines each. So are the revelations of the prophet in the Quran made in few short lines. Such things, though spiritual in their origin, have been categorized as religious literature.
We find beautiful short verses, a little later in Upanishads, two chapters of which are given below.
All this is for habitation by the Lord, whatsoever is individual universe of movement in the universal motion. By that renounced thou shouldst enjoy; lust not after any man’s possession (Isha-1).
By whom missioned falls the mind shot to its mark? By whom yoked moves the first life-breath forward on its paths? By whom impelled is this word that men speak? What god set eye and ear to their workings (Kena-2)?
Japan occupies a conspicuous place in the history of such poems, like Haiku, Zen, Tanka, born out of zen and other meditation of Buddhist lineage. The spiritual Gurus in China too sometimes expressed in such manners.
Couplets written by Tiruvalluvar in Tirukkural in the first century C.E. on Ethics (in Tamil Language) are based on kural metres.
Self control places one among the gods; lack of it leads one to the darkness of hell. (No.121)
Mention must be made of the beautiful Rubaiyat, consisting of series of rubai or quatrains, by the famous Persian poet, Omar Khayyam of the 11th century.
Ah, my Beloved, fill the Cup that clears
Today of past Regrets and future Fears-
Tomorrow? - Why, Tomorrow I may be
Myself with Yesterday’s Sev’n Thousand years.
In Rumi, the Sufi poet of Persia, we get the spiritual flame in his quatrains.
Do you think I know what I’m doing?
That for one breath or half-breath, I belong to myself?
As much as a pen knows what it’s writing,
Or the ball can guess where it’s going next.
We quote a couplet from the ever romantic, bibulous Hafez.
If Hafez’s tears do not move you,
Then why has your heart not yet turned to stone?
Nineteenth century French poets, Charles Baudelaire and Arthur Rimbaud wrote few such short poems.
Urdu Sher of Mirza Ghalib are very famous couplets.
Life would have passed as it were
But the remembrance of your way has brought me here.
We find Indian vachanas or pravachanas, apothegms, aphorisms or sayings credited to someone like Khana in Bengal or just as they are, carried by folk memory. They are sometimes in the form of couplets. Sometimes they look like riddles, but are still valued.
Poet Rabindranath Tagore also included some couplets and quatrains in the vast body of his lyrical and other poems. In 1905 he wrote a few poems in Japanese forms.
Some of the short poems he wrote while sailing back from Liverpool to homeland in 1912-13. Some he wrote in Japan in 1916. Some such poems were written in English as in Fireflies and Stray Birds, besides others in Bengali. The author in his Fireflies wrote, ‘Fireflies had their origin in China and Japan where thoughts were very often claimed from me, in my handwriting on fans and pieces of silk.’ (The Macmillan Company, New York; 1928)
Among the books of such verses in Bengali, Kanika was published in 1899 and Lekhan in 1927. Sphulinga was written between1912 and 1916. A couplet from Kanika is given as example.
Ungrateful
The echo always taunts the sound
Lest it may be revealed that it’s indebted to sound.
We may site another beautiful couplet from Lekhan (N0. 41)
The shadow keeps in its breast the memory of light
Picture we call it.
Much after Tagore’s creations of such verses, when Nishikanta Roy Chowdhury or poet and painter Nishikanta, brought up in Shantiniketan under the guidance of Tagore and other teachers, took to writing such verses at the young age of about 21 years, under the general title, Tukri, Tagore took much interest in them and corrected some of them almost beyond recognition but regretted later for that in a letter to poet Buddhadev Bose in 1940. Such poems were published in Bichitra, a Bengali monthly, under the guidance of Tagore in about 1931. Some of the poems were kept in tact. A three line poem from Tukri, as remained unchanged, is reproduced below.
It is better to keep her in my mind
Keep in my dreamland fair
In my thatched house where else to give her share?
Kunjunni, a Malayalam poet recently expired, is famous for his kunjunnikkavithakal, a book of very short verses; couplet, tercet or quatrain, rhymed or unrhymed. He wrote stories and other write ups, mainly for the children, but he is popular for his witty, ironic and humorous short lines. Sometimes they carry profound meanings. He was a man of quite short height, 1.5 metres but he writes,
That I am short
I know I’m tall.
A few more of his verses may be cited for example.
The sky shouts at times;
The sea calms at times.
I’m nailed to myself,
My own cross;
I’m no Christ yet.
My head’s above the earth,
But it’s far below the sky.
It’s a pity
My thoughts dangle between.
Swami Nem Pal of Bulandshahr is a veteran politician and poet. His poems are patriotic and moral, full of feeling for the country. He gives waking call to the youth of the country and judges the society with a sense of righteousness. We may give a few examples of his quatrains from his book, India Malcontent in two parts.
Wake up! Advance
On destined track;
Welcomes thee chance;
Wake! ‘tis daybreak. (5)
Our society
Is so impaired;
It needs piety
To be repaired. (137)
Deteriorates
Life of nation
It necessitates
Deep operation. (139)
Kazuyosi Ikeda and Mohammed Fakhruddin have written large number of Haiku poems. Kurt F. Svatek also has written number of very short poems, as in his Touch of Heavens. Large numbers of poets in India and abroad have written and are writing such poems.
The list of poets and poems are not exhaustive which have focused the world of short verses. Such a short poem may be very short lived like spark with fire in its wing, born to die soon but joyous as it lives to illuminate; a very temporary affair.
It may also conceal in its frail heart profound ideas or high philosophies, often born out of deep meditation. Short but beautiful, many times such poems keep a mark in the reader’s heart. It may be hoped that such poems will continue to be born to give joy.
© Aju Mukhopadhyay, 2005
*****************************
Related words
***** Rabindranath Tagore Memorial Day
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Short Verse
A Heritage of World Literature
By Aju Mukhopadhyay
The world of epics is not compatible with the present day mood of the connoisseurs. The restive mind of the modern man can neither conceive nor relish the epics though the world is moving with its ever increasing mass of living beings. Sometimes poets of later ages used to contribute their might to swell the body of such epics as a national heritage, though diminishing their quality. The original length of Mahabharata, between 24000 to little over 26000 slokas, swelled to more than one lac slokas. Epics, the literary history of civilizations, like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are no longer produced. The present age is the age of short poems of various genres like Sonnet, Rubaiyat, Ghazal, Haiku, Zen, Tanka poem, quatrains, couplets, other rhymed and prose poems.
The book like the Golden Gate in verse by Vikram Seth is only a novel. Epic poems were written from time to time but not the epics of the lore. Sri Aurobindo’s Savitri, written in the last century, spanning beyond 24000 lines, is a spiritual epic of a different genre.
Though there is no clear definition of short poems, which may perhaps extend to a few pages, longer poems are usually called long poems. I want to restrict my discussion to really very short poems of two to four lines usually. Examples of such creations are available aplenty in world literature. Ancients used very short poems too, to express profound wisdom.
The mandalas in the Vedas, the oldest available scriptures in the world, consist of suktas or hymns of two lines, as heard by the Rishis. Book of Psalms in the Bible consist of psalms of three or four lines each. So are the revelations of the prophet in the Quran made in few short lines. Such things, though spiritual in their origin, have been categorized as religious literature.
We find beautiful short verses, a little later in Upanishads, two chapters of which are given below.
All this is for habitation by the Lord, whatsoever is individual universe of movement in the universal motion. By that renounced thou shouldst enjoy; lust not after any man’s possession (Isha-1).
By whom missioned falls the mind shot to its mark? By whom yoked moves the first life-breath forward on its paths? By whom impelled is this word that men speak? What god set eye and ear to their workings (Kena-2)?
Japan occupies a conspicuous place in the history of such poems, like Haiku, Zen, Tanka, born out of zen and other meditation of Buddhist lineage. The spiritual Gurus in China too sometimes expressed in such manners.
Couplets written by Tiruvalluvar in Tirukkural in the first century C.E. on Ethics (in Tamil Language) are based on kural metres.
Self control places one among the gods; lack of it leads one to the darkness of hell. (No.121)
Mention must be made of the beautiful Rubaiyat, consisting of series of rubai or quatrains, by the famous Persian poet, Omar Khayyam of the 11th century.
Ah, my Beloved, fill the Cup that clears
Today of past Regrets and future Fears-
Tomorrow? - Why, Tomorrow I may be
Myself with Yesterday’s Sev’n Thousand years.
In Rumi, the Sufi poet of Persia, we get the spiritual flame in his quatrains.
Do you think I know what I’m doing?
That for one breath or half-breath, I belong to myself?
As much as a pen knows what it’s writing,
Or the ball can guess where it’s going next.
We quote a couplet from the ever romantic, bibulous Hafez.
If Hafez’s tears do not move you,
Then why has your heart not yet turned to stone?
Nineteenth century French poets, Charles Baudelaire and Arthur Rimbaud wrote few such short poems.
Urdu Sher of Mirza Ghalib are very famous couplets.
Life would have passed as it were
But the remembrance of your way has brought me here.
We find Indian vachanas or pravachanas, apothegms, aphorisms or sayings credited to someone like Khana in Bengal or just as they are, carried by folk memory. They are sometimes in the form of couplets. Sometimes they look like riddles, but are still valued.
Poet Rabindranath Tagore also included some couplets and quatrains in the vast body of his lyrical and other poems. In 1905 he wrote a few poems in Japanese forms.
Some of the short poems he wrote while sailing back from Liverpool to homeland in 1912-13. Some he wrote in Japan in 1916. Some such poems were written in English as in Fireflies and Stray Birds, besides others in Bengali. The author in his Fireflies wrote, ‘Fireflies had their origin in China and Japan where thoughts were very often claimed from me, in my handwriting on fans and pieces of silk.’ (The Macmillan Company, New York; 1928)
Among the books of such verses in Bengali, Kanika was published in 1899 and Lekhan in 1927. Sphulinga was written between1912 and 1916. A couplet from Kanika is given as example.
Ungrateful
The echo always taunts the sound
Lest it may be revealed that it’s indebted to sound.
We may site another beautiful couplet from Lekhan (N0. 41)
The shadow keeps in its breast the memory of light
Picture we call it.
Much after Tagore’s creations of such verses, when Nishikanta Roy Chowdhury or poet and painter Nishikanta, brought up in Shantiniketan under the guidance of Tagore and other teachers, took to writing such verses at the young age of about 21 years, under the general title, Tukri, Tagore took much interest in them and corrected some of them almost beyond recognition but regretted later for that in a letter to poet Buddhadev Bose in 1940. Such poems were published in Bichitra, a Bengali monthly, under the guidance of Tagore in about 1931. Some of the poems were kept in tact. A three line poem from Tukri, as remained unchanged, is reproduced below.
It is better to keep her in my mind
Keep in my dreamland fair
In my thatched house where else to give her share?
Kunjunni, a Malayalam poet recently expired, is famous for his kunjunnikkavithakal, a book of very short verses; couplet, tercet or quatrain, rhymed or unrhymed. He wrote stories and other write ups, mainly for the children, but he is popular for his witty, ironic and humorous short lines. Sometimes they carry profound meanings. He was a man of quite short height, 1.5 metres but he writes,
That I am short
I know I’m tall.
A few more of his verses may be cited for example.
The sky shouts at times;
The sea calms at times.
I’m nailed to myself,
My own cross;
I’m no Christ yet.
My head’s above the earth,
But it’s far below the sky.
It’s a pity
My thoughts dangle between.
Swami Nem Pal of Bulandshahr is a veteran politician and poet. His poems are patriotic and moral, full of feeling for the country. He gives waking call to the youth of the country and judges the society with a sense of righteousness. We may give a few examples of his quatrains from his book, India Malcontent in two parts.
Wake up! Advance
On destined track;
Welcomes thee chance;
Wake! ‘tis daybreak. (5)
Our society
Is so impaired;
It needs piety
To be repaired. (137)
Deteriorates
Life of nation
It necessitates
Deep operation. (139)
Kazuyosi Ikeda and Mohammed Fakhruddin have written large number of Haiku poems. Kurt F. Svatek also has written number of very short poems, as in his Touch of Heavens. Large numbers of poets in India and abroad have written and are writing such poems.
The list of poets and poems are not exhaustive which have focused the world of short verses. Such a short poem may be very short lived like spark with fire in its wing, born to die soon but joyous as it lives to illuminate; a very temporary affair.
It may also conceal in its frail heart profound ideas or high philosophies, often born out of deep meditation. Short but beautiful, many times such poems keep a mark in the reader’s heart. It may be hoped that such poems will continue to be born to give joy.
© Aju Mukhopadhyay, 2005
*****************************
Related words
***** Rabindranath Tagore Memorial Day
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Music: Shruthi
[ . BACK to TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
SHRUTHI
by Narayanan Raghunathan
Shruthi is the divine mystery of Indian Music. It is roughly the drone that determines the pitch of singing. Women sing in a higher Shruthi than men normally.
Shruthi means that which is heard from the root shra { shrava [to hear] shrnu [listen] } .
pasyanthi vak shruti { The divine word seen is Shruthi. }
Thus we have the four Vedas[ Books Of Revelatory Knowledge ~ vid ~ to know, to enhance, to intuit,] Rik, Yajur, Saama and Atharva and the Upanishads, appearing in these mantrams recited from times immemorial. They were learned by repeated recitation preserved in the greatest oral tradition of mankind.
So among these Vedas that were recited, the chandas [the cadent metering] was essential. One cannot learn these from a book but by listening to them repeated, with faith and trying to recite them . It needs many years of patient effort to get to the art of these divine recitations.
Trimming the seamless vast tale short, the Saama Veda which used often hymns from Rik and Yajur veda was specially difficult and esoteric. There were traditionally 1008 ways of Saama Veda recitation. But years of neglect and now we have just about ten ways of reciting these great mantrams still remaing on the earth. Lord Shiva is considered as Saama-ghosha -priya [ one who delights in the Saama veda chanted together by many people. ]
In Saama veda we can see the origin of Indian music and Shruthi. Since the Veda is ageless, so the Shruthi must be ageless too. From the divine Saama Veda chants, Lord Shiva inspired Rishis, Divine Seer-Sages to the Shruthi aligned Raaga[m] music.
In Indian music Karnaatik, Dhrupad, Khayaal, Bhajans, Thumri etc the Shruthi the resonant drone is set to three fundamental swaraas (notes): Shadjam [ This is SA The Fundamental Note of Indian Music } and Panchamam { The is PA The Fifth Note in The Saptha Swaraas [Seven Notes] of the Scale [ SA RI GA MA PA DHA NI SA ] and the higher SA [ The Eighth Note ] .
There are sharper variations of these basic notes between each other [ These are dealt with, in the section on Raaga[m].] Whichever is the Raaga[m] sung, the Shruthi remains the same for the musician.
The Shruthi is played on the Tampura (Tanmpura) , a stringed musical instrument of ancient origin.
Different musicians sing in different basic Shruthis. There are technically 22 possible Shruthis. But in a metaphysical sense there can be innumerable Shruthis! .
In Indian Music Concerts, a disciple of the artiste musician, plays the Tanmpura sitting behind, resonating the Shruthi into the ears of the performing artiste. To play the Tanmpura is easy, but to tune a Tanmpura needs years of listening and deep skill.
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Tampura
Look at some great details of this instsrument:
©Mauricio Martínez R.
http://www.rutadeseda.org/tampura.html
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Now, Electornic Tanmpura [a small box ] is also used by many artistes since it is convenient to carry and can be tuned accurately very easily. There are also Pre-tuned Electronic Tanmpuraí available, although professionals would prefer to align [tune] the Shruthi themselves.
In the modern western music, lingo Shruthi may be roughly called a static chord. set to three notes.
In Western music, Shruthi shifts and we get the harmonics ~ The cord becomes dynamic.
In Indian Classical Music, which is essentially melodious, this is rarely practised and the phenomeneon is called Shruthi-bhedam [ Differentiating the Shruthis ] .
In Indian Music Go off Shruthi [deviate from it is a grave error! ]
Shruthi is a feminine gender word in Sanskrit and many Indian girls, including a young and legendary Hindusthani musician have the name Shruthi.
We may tentatively conclude thus ~
Shruthiravyayam paramam guhyam spandagrahod-bhavam maha mownam idi beejam
Sat-chid-aananda thaandavam idi jagat dig bandham nirmalam pavitram saakshaatkaaram
Shruthi undefined supreme esoteric originating from pre-primordial spanda grahas[ vibrant temples ] , the great silence is the seed , eternal existence consciousness-bliss dance of Shiva is the divine directions of the cosmoses ~ Divine, pure the great vast fulfillment.
... ... ...
A story from memory. ~
The western Violin is used in Indian Music, especially in Karnaatik music as an accompanying instrument to vocal music. Violin was adapted into Indian music, during the last century. Now it is an indispensable part of Indian Music.
Lalgudi G. Jayaraman the legendary Karnaatik violinist met the legendary Western violinist Yehudi Menhin.. Lalgudi played his violin and Menhin was very delighted. Lalgudi was asked by Yehudi Menhin if he would play his violin. Lalgudi replied "Yes".
He set the Shruthi [changed the tuning] and played his Karnaatik music on the great Western master's own western instrument.
*****************************
HAIKU
I use the bus- engine
drone as my Shruthi, reel off
Aananda Bhairavi ~
Note ~
Aananda Bhairavi { The Delighted Bhairavi (Cosmic Dancer Mother Shakthi Ambika)} is a very famous and typical Karnaatik Raagam which has been adapted into Hidusthaani music too. There are innumerable compositions in this Raagam including folk and modern film songs. This Raagam can evoke deep bhaavam [ emotional essence].
shruthi aanandmaa
ozhukum pozhuthu
edukku paatu ?
[ Tamizh ]
when the Shruthi
delightedly pours on,
what for, the song ?
raatri poora
faan shruthi ~ thookatthile
hanuman-todi
[Tamizh ]
whole night,
the faníăs Shruthi ~ in sleep
Hanuman-todi.
Note ~
Hanuman-todi ~ Name of a Karnaatik Melakartha Raagam very popular and profound.
Hanuman is the legendary mokey faced manifestation of Shiva as Lord Rudra in Raamaayana serving Lord Vishnu as Raama.{ Refer, Vaalmiki Raamaayana the famous Indian epic, for more details}
Ganesh : The elelphant-headed god
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Shruti ("what is heard") is a canon of Hindu scriptures.
They do not date to a particular period, but span the entire hisotry of Hinduism, beginning with the earliest texts known, with some late Upanishads reaching down into modern times.
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Shruti
*****************************
Related words
***** Music of India
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
SHRUTHI
by Narayanan Raghunathan
Shruthi is the divine mystery of Indian Music. It is roughly the drone that determines the pitch of singing. Women sing in a higher Shruthi than men normally.
Shruthi means that which is heard from the root shra { shrava [to hear] shrnu [listen] } .
pasyanthi vak shruti { The divine word seen is Shruthi. }
Thus we have the four Vedas[ Books Of Revelatory Knowledge ~ vid ~ to know, to enhance, to intuit,] Rik, Yajur, Saama and Atharva and the Upanishads, appearing in these mantrams recited from times immemorial. They were learned by repeated recitation preserved in the greatest oral tradition of mankind.
So among these Vedas that were recited, the chandas [the cadent metering] was essential. One cannot learn these from a book but by listening to them repeated, with faith and trying to recite them . It needs many years of patient effort to get to the art of these divine recitations.
Trimming the seamless vast tale short, the Saama Veda which used often hymns from Rik and Yajur veda was specially difficult and esoteric. There were traditionally 1008 ways of Saama Veda recitation. But years of neglect and now we have just about ten ways of reciting these great mantrams still remaing on the earth. Lord Shiva is considered as Saama-ghosha -priya [ one who delights in the Saama veda chanted together by many people. ]
In Saama veda we can see the origin of Indian music and Shruthi. Since the Veda is ageless, so the Shruthi must be ageless too. From the divine Saama Veda chants, Lord Shiva inspired Rishis, Divine Seer-Sages to the Shruthi aligned Raaga[m] music.
In Indian music Karnaatik, Dhrupad, Khayaal, Bhajans, Thumri etc the Shruthi the resonant drone is set to three fundamental swaraas (notes): Shadjam [ This is SA The Fundamental Note of Indian Music } and Panchamam { The is PA The Fifth Note in The Saptha Swaraas [Seven Notes] of the Scale [ SA RI GA MA PA DHA NI SA ] and the higher SA [ The Eighth Note ] .
There are sharper variations of these basic notes between each other [ These are dealt with, in the section on Raaga[m].] Whichever is the Raaga[m] sung, the Shruthi remains the same for the musician.
The Shruthi is played on the Tampura (Tanmpura) , a stringed musical instrument of ancient origin.
Different musicians sing in different basic Shruthis. There are technically 22 possible Shruthis. But in a metaphysical sense there can be innumerable Shruthis! .
In Indian Music Concerts, a disciple of the artiste musician, plays the Tanmpura sitting behind, resonating the Shruthi into the ears of the performing artiste. To play the Tanmpura is easy, but to tune a Tanmpura needs years of listening and deep skill.
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Tampura
Look at some great details of this instsrument:
©Mauricio Martínez R.
http://www.rutadeseda.org/tampura.html
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Now, Electornic Tanmpura [a small box ] is also used by many artistes since it is convenient to carry and can be tuned accurately very easily. There are also Pre-tuned Electronic Tanmpuraí available, although professionals would prefer to align [tune] the Shruthi themselves.
In the modern western music, lingo Shruthi may be roughly called a static chord. set to three notes.
In Western music, Shruthi shifts and we get the harmonics ~ The cord becomes dynamic.
In Indian Classical Music, which is essentially melodious, this is rarely practised and the phenomeneon is called Shruthi-bhedam [ Differentiating the Shruthis ] .
In Indian Music Go off Shruthi [deviate from it is a grave error! ]
Shruthi is a feminine gender word in Sanskrit and many Indian girls, including a young and legendary Hindusthani musician have the name Shruthi.
We may tentatively conclude thus ~
Shruthiravyayam paramam guhyam spandagrahod-bhavam maha mownam idi beejam
Sat-chid-aananda thaandavam idi jagat dig bandham nirmalam pavitram saakshaatkaaram
Shruthi undefined supreme esoteric originating from pre-primordial spanda grahas[ vibrant temples ] , the great silence is the seed , eternal existence consciousness-bliss dance of Shiva is the divine directions of the cosmoses ~ Divine, pure the great vast fulfillment.
... ... ...
A story from memory. ~
The western Violin is used in Indian Music, especially in Karnaatik music as an accompanying instrument to vocal music. Violin was adapted into Indian music, during the last century. Now it is an indispensable part of Indian Music.
Lalgudi G. Jayaraman the legendary Karnaatik violinist met the legendary Western violinist Yehudi Menhin.. Lalgudi played his violin and Menhin was very delighted. Lalgudi was asked by Yehudi Menhin if he would play his violin. Lalgudi replied "Yes".
He set the Shruthi [changed the tuning] and played his Karnaatik music on the great Western master's own western instrument.
*****************************
HAIKU
I use the bus- engine
drone as my Shruthi, reel off
Aananda Bhairavi ~
Note ~
Aananda Bhairavi { The Delighted Bhairavi (Cosmic Dancer Mother Shakthi Ambika)} is a very famous and typical Karnaatik Raagam which has been adapted into Hidusthaani music too. There are innumerable compositions in this Raagam including folk and modern film songs. This Raagam can evoke deep bhaavam [ emotional essence].
shruthi aanandmaa
ozhukum pozhuthu
edukku paatu ?
[ Tamizh ]
when the Shruthi
delightedly pours on,
what for, the song ?
raatri poora
faan shruthi ~ thookatthile
hanuman-todi
[Tamizh ]
whole night,
the faníăs Shruthi ~ in sleep
Hanuman-todi.
Note ~
Hanuman-todi ~ Name of a Karnaatik Melakartha Raagam very popular and profound.
Hanuman is the legendary mokey faced manifestation of Shiva as Lord Rudra in Raamaayana serving Lord Vishnu as Raama.{ Refer, Vaalmiki Raamaayana the famous Indian epic, for more details}
Ganesh : The elelphant-headed god
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Shruti ("what is heard") is a canon of Hindu scriptures.
They do not date to a particular period, but span the entire hisotry of Hinduism, beginning with the earliest texts known, with some late Upanishads reaching down into modern times.
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Shruti
*****************************
Related words
***** Music of India
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Indian Musik : LINKS
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
. WKD : Music of India - Index .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
LINKS to Indian Music
under construction
Karnaatik [ South Indian Music ]
http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/mirrors/vv/arts/mela.html
http://www.sawf.org/newedit/edit05132002/musicarts1.asp
http://www.sruti.com/august2k/spot1.htm
http://www.net-shoppers.com/naadham/audio.htm
http://www.carnatica.net/mmmela2001/srajam.html
http://www.sruti.com/June04/enote.htm
http://www.hindubooks.org/culture/carnatic/the_melakarta_scheme/page1.htm
http://www.geocities.com/promiserani2/melas.html
http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/Strasse/5926/section3_5.htm
http://www.carnaticcorner.com/articles/mukund_chart.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melakarta
http://members.tripod.com/~RKSanka/music/katapaya.html
http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/mirrors/vv/arts/mela.html
https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no36174.htm
Hindusthani Music
http://print.google.co.in/print?id=HVjyfWPCO1wC&dq=bhatkhande+that&oi=print&pg=PA11&sig=sLRxATzI2FwY-AXpwWGav5HCZHg&prev=http://www.google.co.in/search%3Fhl%3Den%26q%3Dbhatkhande%2Bthat%26btnG%3DSearch%26meta%3D
http://www.chembur.com/anecdotes/bhatkhande.htm
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/vn_bhatkhande.html
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/vn_bhatkhande_articles.html
http://www.swargram.org/bhatuniv.html
http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030126/spectrum/gallery/pages/v%20n%20bhatkhande.htm
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
. WKD : Music of India - Index .
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
. WKD : Music of India - Index .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
LINKS to Indian Music
under construction
Karnaatik [ South Indian Music ]
http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/mirrors/vv/arts/mela.html
http://www.sawf.org/newedit/edit05132002/musicarts1.asp
http://www.sruti.com/august2k/spot1.htm
http://www.net-shoppers.com/naadham/audio.htm
http://www.carnatica.net/mmmela2001/srajam.html
http://www.sruti.com/June04/enote.htm
http://www.hindubooks.org/culture/carnatic/the_melakarta_scheme/page1.htm
http://www.geocities.com/promiserani2/melas.html
http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/Strasse/5926/section3_5.htm
http://www.carnaticcorner.com/articles/mukund_chart.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melakarta
http://members.tripod.com/~RKSanka/music/katapaya.html
http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/mirrors/vv/arts/mela.html
https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no36174.htm
Hindusthani Music
http://print.google.co.in/print?id=HVjyfWPCO1wC&dq=bhatkhande+that&oi=print&pg=PA11&sig=sLRxATzI2FwY-AXpwWGav5HCZHg&prev=http://www.google.co.in/search%3Fhl%3Den%26q%3Dbhatkhande%2Bthat%26btnG%3DSearch%26meta%3D
http://www.chembur.com/anecdotes/bhatkhande.htm
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/vn_bhatkhande.html
http://www.musicalnirvana.com/composers/vn_bhatkhande_articles.html
http://www.swargram.org/bhatuniv.html
http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030126/spectrum/gallery/pages/v%20n%20bhatkhande.htm
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
. WKD : Music of India - Index .
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
1/15/2006
Moon
[ . BACK to TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Waxing Moon, Moondraam pirai
***** Location: India
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Heavens
*****************************
Explanation
Moondraam pirai . . . the crescent moon on the third day is so important for Indians.
In Tamizh - Moondru means three and seeing the new moon on the third day is considered very auspicious.
Hindus generally do all things on the waxing moon, the first 15 days when the moon grows . . . never on the days the moon wanes, for psychologically they feel that success is guaranteed with the growing moon!
New moon is called Amavasya
Full-moon is called Poornima or Paurnami
And how many babies have been fed in the mouth by distracting them with the Chanda mama
Mama means uncle and Chandra is the moon
Chandra-mukhi - the moon faced one!
Kala Ramesh
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
moondraam pirai . . .
with glasses on she sees
a faint line . . . just
trimming . . .
her hair will grow along . . .
with the crescent moon
poornima . . .
highlights the contour
of each pebble
Kala Ramesh
*****************************
Related words
***** .. .. .. .. MOON and its LINKS Various kigo with the MOON
*****************************
THE INDIA SAIJIKI
Please send your contributions to
worldkigo .....
Back to the Worldkigo Index
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Waxing Moon, Moondraam pirai
***** Location: India
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Heavens
*****************************
Explanation
Moondraam pirai . . . the crescent moon on the third day is so important for Indians.
In Tamizh - Moondru means three and seeing the new moon on the third day is considered very auspicious.
Hindus generally do all things on the waxing moon, the first 15 days when the moon grows . . . never on the days the moon wanes, for psychologically they feel that success is guaranteed with the growing moon!
New moon is called Amavasya
Full-moon is called Poornima or Paurnami
And how many babies have been fed in the mouth by distracting them with the Chanda mama
Mama means uncle and Chandra is the moon
Chandra-mukhi - the moon faced one!
Kala Ramesh
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
moondraam pirai . . .
with glasses on she sees
a faint line . . . just
trimming . . .
her hair will grow along . . .
with the crescent moon
poornima . . .
highlights the contour
of each pebble
Kala Ramesh
*****************************
Related words
***** .. .. .. .. MOON and its LINKS Various kigo with the MOON
*****************************
THE INDIA SAIJIKI
Please send your contributions to
worldkigo .....
Back to the Worldkigo Index
Mangalsutra marriage token
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Mangalsutra marriage token
***** Location: India
***** Season: Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
quote
A Mangalsutra
(Mangala sutra, Mangalasutra or Thaali)
is a symbol of marriage union in South Asia. It is a sacred thread of love and goodwill worn by women as a symbol of their marriage. Traditionally the mangalsutra is considered the most revered token of love and respect offered to the bride during the marriage ceremony.
The word three knot tie literally means "an auspicious thread which is knotted around the bride's neck". It is usually a gold pendant strung from a yellow thread prepared with turmeric, a string of black beads or simply a gold chain. It is comparable to the wedding ring of the West. A married woman is expected to wear this thread and is the most important part of a Hindu marriage ceremony. In certain local cultures, the groom ties the first of the three knots while his sisters tie the rest.
Apart from the mangalsutra, the Toe rings, the Kumkum, bangles, Nallapoosalu and nose ring form the six sacred symbols that indicate the woman is married.
A Thali (Minnu)
is also worn by the brides of Kerala's Syrian Christian community.
Mangalsutra are made in numerous designs.
The common ones are the Lakshmi thaali (worn by the most Hindus), Ramar/Pottu thaali (worn by the Telugus and Kannadigas), Ela thaali (worn by the Malayalees) and Kumbha thaali (worn by the Tamils of Kshatriya caste).
The design is chosen by the groom's family according to prevalent customs. Gujaratis and Marwaris often use a diamond pendant. Maharashtrians wear a pendant of one or two vatis. The Bengali, Oriya and Assamese don't have the custom of Mangalsutra.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
visiting a shrine -
these sparkling mangalsutras
to my left and right
Gabi Greve
India, 1976
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
skype -
she kisses her mangalsutra
as tears roll
Arvinder Kaur
*****************************
Related words
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Mangalsutra marriage token
***** Location: India
***** Season: Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
quote
A Mangalsutra
(Mangala sutra, Mangalasutra or Thaali)
is a symbol of marriage union in South Asia. It is a sacred thread of love and goodwill worn by women as a symbol of their marriage. Traditionally the mangalsutra is considered the most revered token of love and respect offered to the bride during the marriage ceremony.
The word three knot tie literally means "an auspicious thread which is knotted around the bride's neck". It is usually a gold pendant strung from a yellow thread prepared with turmeric, a string of black beads or simply a gold chain. It is comparable to the wedding ring of the West. A married woman is expected to wear this thread and is the most important part of a Hindu marriage ceremony. In certain local cultures, the groom ties the first of the three knots while his sisters tie the rest.
Apart from the mangalsutra, the Toe rings, the Kumkum, bangles, Nallapoosalu and nose ring form the six sacred symbols that indicate the woman is married.
A Thali (Minnu)
is also worn by the brides of Kerala's Syrian Christian community.
Mangalsutra are made in numerous designs.
The common ones are the Lakshmi thaali (worn by the most Hindus), Ramar/Pottu thaali (worn by the Telugus and Kannadigas), Ela thaali (worn by the Malayalees) and Kumbha thaali (worn by the Tamils of Kshatriya caste).
The design is chosen by the groom's family according to prevalent customs. Gujaratis and Marwaris often use a diamond pendant. Maharashtrians wear a pendant of one or two vatis. The Bengali, Oriya and Assamese don't have the custom of Mangalsutra.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
visiting a shrine -
these sparkling mangalsutras
to my left and right
Gabi Greve
India, 1976
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
skype -
she kisses her mangalsutra
as tears roll
Arvinder Kaur
*****************************
Related words
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
1/05/2006
Henna (mehandi)
[ . BACK to Worldkigo TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Henna (mehandi, mehendi, (mehndi)
Heena
***** Location: India, Yemen
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
Can anyone imagine an Indian wedding without the tantalizing mehandi?
The highly decorative designs on the hands of the bride and on the hands of all the woman folks of the family makes the marriage ceremony very colourful Mehandi is a part and parcel of the Indian traditions from ancient times.
Being herbal it has no side effects having a beautiful fragrance and is very cooling to the body.
Now-a-days we have such intricate floral patterns and designs in mehandi
It looks a lot like tattoo without the torture!
Recently I read an article in the news-papers that Hollywood has taken to mehandi in a big way!
A bride after her marriage steps into her husbands house, taking all his relatives as her own - for joint family was generally prevalent in those days.
With so many members in the household cooking and preparing the meals become a big ordeal for the women.
By custom, the bride returns after a month for a short holiday to her parents house. . .and mehandi generally should last for quite a while . . .
. . . if it has been washed away then it becomes clear that the new bride has been asked to do a lot of work in her in-law's house!
A big give-away?
Mehandi is also used widely as a hair colour . . .
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Mehandi laga ke rakhna ...
THE henna-artist is all set to trace a handful of chuckling green flowers on the canvas of your skin. No wonder, you are so excited about the entire exercise. Here are some tips.
If you have already applied mehndi, remember not to dip your hands in detergents for long. Also avoid using detergent-based shampoos for washing tresses. You can use a glove in case of an emergency.
In case, you have an appointment with the henna-artist, make sure your hands and arms are grime-free before you request him to display his talent on your palms. Also, applying cold cream a night before will only leave your hands supple. Go for it.
Again, get rid of the loathsome tan if you plan to get blooming calendulas neatly drawn on your lucid arms. You can take professional help. Or else, take help of the “desi” remedies.
You and your friends can get together and call a henna artist to your place. It is going to be convenient, especially if you wish to get the design traced on your feet and legs. Otherwise, request someone to drive you to him.
After the henna artist has performed his feat and the henna is dry, apply limejuice after every two hours for the entire day. That’s all folks, happy colouring.
The Tribune
Wednesday, October 19, 2005, Chandigarh, India
http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20051019/ttlife.htm#2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Mehandi
A site for henna history and traditions and techniques by Catherine Cartwright-Jones, henna researcher, lecturer, author, and specialist on henna.
www.mehandi.com/enter/enter.html
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Designs for the hands and feet.
www.hindustanlink.com/mehanditxt/hands.htm
*****************************
Worldwide use
Yemen
Hennah --
A fortune teller
talks about my way
haiku and haiga by ... Heike Gewi Yemen
Kigo Hotline, April 2008
YEMEN SAIJIKI
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
mehandi . . .
her hands reddish-orange
smells of leaves
spring breeze ...
he holds her
mehandi hands
mehandi
hair in shades
of the earth
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
pinchu kannangalai
thodum marutaani kaikal ~
kuzhandaiku koocham
[Tamizh]
mehandi palms
touch the soft cheeks ~
the baby giggles
Narayanan Raghunathan
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
new moon: the paleness of your palm
Palms are facinating aspects of the hand. They are already laden with an ancient script. An empty palm a perfect place for symbology.
fingertip pressed to palm -- mehandi
"chibi" (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes)
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/happyhaiku/message/2200
spring
the fallen leaves-
mehndi pattern on her hands
- Shared by Manu Kant -
Joys of Japan, 2012
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
grinding henna leaves
the soft tinkle of her bangles
against the pestle
- Shared by Sandip Sital Chauhan -
Joys of Japan, August 2012
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
mehandi ceremony
with moist eyes the mother
kisses daughter's forehead
- Shared by Mandeep Maan -
Joys of Japan, October 2012
*****************************
Related words
*****
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Henna (mehandi, mehendi, (mehndi)
Heena
***** Location: India, Yemen
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
Can anyone imagine an Indian wedding without the tantalizing mehandi?
The highly decorative designs on the hands of the bride and on the hands of all the woman folks of the family makes the marriage ceremony very colourful Mehandi is a part and parcel of the Indian traditions from ancient times.
Being herbal it has no side effects having a beautiful fragrance and is very cooling to the body.
Now-a-days we have such intricate floral patterns and designs in mehandi
It looks a lot like tattoo without the torture!
Recently I read an article in the news-papers that Hollywood has taken to mehandi in a big way!
A bride after her marriage steps into her husbands house, taking all his relatives as her own - for joint family was generally prevalent in those days.
With so many members in the household cooking and preparing the meals become a big ordeal for the women.
By custom, the bride returns after a month for a short holiday to her parents house. . .and mehandi generally should last for quite a while . . .
. . . if it has been washed away then it becomes clear that the new bride has been asked to do a lot of work in her in-law's house!
A big give-away?
Mehandi is also used widely as a hair colour . . .
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Mehandi laga ke rakhna ...
THE henna-artist is all set to trace a handful of chuckling green flowers on the canvas of your skin. No wonder, you are so excited about the entire exercise. Here are some tips.
If you have already applied mehndi, remember not to dip your hands in detergents for long. Also avoid using detergent-based shampoos for washing tresses. You can use a glove in case of an emergency.
In case, you have an appointment with the henna-artist, make sure your hands and arms are grime-free before you request him to display his talent on your palms. Also, applying cold cream a night before will only leave your hands supple. Go for it.
Again, get rid of the loathsome tan if you plan to get blooming calendulas neatly drawn on your lucid arms. You can take professional help. Or else, take help of the “desi” remedies.
You and your friends can get together and call a henna artist to your place. It is going to be convenient, especially if you wish to get the design traced on your feet and legs. Otherwise, request someone to drive you to him.
After the henna artist has performed his feat and the henna is dry, apply limejuice after every two hours for the entire day. That’s all folks, happy colouring.
The Tribune
Wednesday, October 19, 2005, Chandigarh, India
http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20051019/ttlife.htm#2
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Mehandi
A site for henna history and traditions and techniques by Catherine Cartwright-Jones, henna researcher, lecturer, author, and specialist on henna.
www.mehandi.com/enter/enter.html
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Designs for the hands and feet.
www.hindustanlink.com/mehanditxt/hands.htm
*****************************
Worldwide use
Yemen
Hennah --
A fortune teller
talks about my way
haiku and haiga by ... Heike Gewi Yemen
Kigo Hotline, April 2008
YEMEN SAIJIKI
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
mehandi . . .
her hands reddish-orange
smells of leaves
spring breeze ...
he holds her
mehandi hands
mehandi
hair in shades
of the earth
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
pinchu kannangalai
thodum marutaani kaikal ~
kuzhandaiku koocham
[Tamizh]
mehandi palms
touch the soft cheeks ~
the baby giggles
Narayanan Raghunathan
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new moon: the paleness of your palm
Palms are facinating aspects of the hand. They are already laden with an ancient script. An empty palm a perfect place for symbology.
fingertip pressed to palm -- mehandi
"chibi" (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes)
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/happyhaiku/message/2200
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spring
the fallen leaves-
mehndi pattern on her hands
- Shared by Manu Kant -
Joys of Japan, 2012
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grinding henna leaves
the soft tinkle of her bangles
against the pestle
- Shared by Sandip Sital Chauhan -
Joys of Japan, August 2012
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mehandi ceremony
with moist eyes the mother
kisses daughter's forehead
- Shared by Mandeep Maan -
Joys of Japan, October 2012
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Related words
*****
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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Meera, a saint
[ . BACK to TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Meera, Mira Bai, Mirabai
***** Location: Mewar, India
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
The First time I heard a Meera bhajan was from a Carnatic Musician - the renowned M.S.Subhulakshmi and much later in the inimitable voice of Pandit Kumar Gandharva [North Indian Classical Musician].
Memories vividly etched in my mind.
Meera Bhajans have a haunting quality about them . . . every line, every word demonstrates the joy of being in love with her beloved Lord Krishna. . .
How different from Andal, and still how similar they were, in their deep devotion to their Lord
A famous meera bhajan.
Translated from Hindi by Baldoon Dhingra.
Once the raja sent me a gift,
a serpent curled in a basket.
Meera put her hand into it
and drew out an image of the Lord.
Once the Raja sent me a cup of poison,
Meera, chanting, drank the draught,
it tasted like nectar from the skies.
Once the Raja sent me a bed of nails.
It was as soft like a bed of roses.
No hurt can come to Meera then,
For the Lord protects her from harm.
Having surrendered all to Him,
She now wanders in the ecstacy
Born of untrammeled love.
Kala Ramesh
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M.S. Subbhulaksmi - Musician, by Kala Ramesh
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Read more about her here:
http://chandrakantha.com/biodata/mira.html
In medieval India Bhakti Movement was started by enlightened saints like Ramananda, Kabir, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Gurunanak and others. They showed the path of Bhakti to attain salvation. Meerabai belonged to that cult.
Born in early 16th century Meerabai belonged to the royal family of Mewar. She renounced the luxuries of royal life and became an ardent devotee of lord Krishna. Meera composed many devotional songs in praise of Lord Krishna which are sung to this day with great reverence throughout the country.
She died at the feet of Lord Krishna of Dwaraka at the age of 67.
http://www.geocities.com/dakshina_kan_pa/art31/women5.htm
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
deep in bhakti yoga
meera's bhajan lifts me
out of myself
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
butterflies swarm
in twilight breeze ~
a Meera Bhajan
Meera saw Krishna ~
when she sang "Gopaala"
the mountains melted
the age of Meera's Krishna
is long gone ~ Darwin and
Freud are the new icons
Badrinath dawn ~
little girl sings
a Meera Bhajan
to a parrot
Narayanan Raghunathan
*****************************
Related words
***** Tiruppavai of Andal (Andaal) Tamizhnadu, Tamil Nadu
***** Music of India Indian Music and Haiku
*****************************
THE INDIA SAIJIKI
Please send your contributions to
worldkigo .....
Back to the Worldkigo Index
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Meera, Mira Bai, Mirabai
***** Location: Mewar, India
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
The First time I heard a Meera bhajan was from a Carnatic Musician - the renowned M.S.Subhulakshmi and much later in the inimitable voice of Pandit Kumar Gandharva [North Indian Classical Musician].
Memories vividly etched in my mind.
Meera Bhajans have a haunting quality about them . . . every line, every word demonstrates the joy of being in love with her beloved Lord Krishna. . .
How different from Andal, and still how similar they were, in their deep devotion to their Lord
A famous meera bhajan.
Translated from Hindi by Baldoon Dhingra.
Once the raja sent me a gift,
a serpent curled in a basket.
Meera put her hand into it
and drew out an image of the Lord.
Once the Raja sent me a cup of poison,
Meera, chanting, drank the draught,
it tasted like nectar from the skies.
Once the Raja sent me a bed of nails.
It was as soft like a bed of roses.
No hurt can come to Meera then,
For the Lord protects her from harm.
Having surrendered all to Him,
She now wanders in the ecstacy
Born of untrammeled love.
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
M.S. Subbhulaksmi - Musician, by Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Read more about her here:
http://chandrakantha.com/biodata/mira.html
In medieval India Bhakti Movement was started by enlightened saints like Ramananda, Kabir, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Gurunanak and others. They showed the path of Bhakti to attain salvation. Meerabai belonged to that cult.
Born in early 16th century Meerabai belonged to the royal family of Mewar. She renounced the luxuries of royal life and became an ardent devotee of lord Krishna. Meera composed many devotional songs in praise of Lord Krishna which are sung to this day with great reverence throughout the country.
She died at the feet of Lord Krishna of Dwaraka at the age of 67.
http://www.geocities.com/dakshina_kan_pa/art31/women5.htm
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
deep in bhakti yoga
meera's bhajan lifts me
out of myself
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
butterflies swarm
in twilight breeze ~
a Meera Bhajan
Meera saw Krishna ~
when she sang "Gopaala"
the mountains melted
the age of Meera's Krishna
is long gone ~ Darwin and
Freud are the new icons
Badrinath dawn ~
little girl sings
a Meera Bhajan
to a parrot
Narayanan Raghunathan
*****************************
Related words
***** Tiruppavai of Andal (Andaal) Tamizhnadu, Tamil Nadu
***** Music of India Indian Music and Haiku
*****************************
THE INDIA SAIJIKI
Please send your contributions to
worldkigo .....
Back to the Worldkigo Index
Meditation (dhyana)
[ . BACK to Worldkigo TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Meditation - Dhyana
***** Location: India, worldwide
***** Season: Non-Seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
Buddha meditates –
the hungry folk
just want food
© Photo and Haiku by Gabi Greve
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Meditation - Dhyana
A rose is a rose is a rose is a . . .
A rose by any other name smells as sweet . . .
You call it - meditation - dhyana - zazen- vipassana
Call it what you will - that need to go deep within one-self -
to reach the core - to feel that bliss of nothingness - is something that is common to all of us?
In short meditation is the secret of keeping one's mind uncluttered . . .
a miracle, one would say - but something that is possible.
Modern medical sciences now talk greatly of the benefits of meditation for heart patients, for expecting mothers, the list is endless . . .
Indians have always held the view that dhyana is excellent as a stress reliever and that children going for their exams need to practice meditation.
Kala Ramesh
.......................................................................
source : facebook
.......................................................................
Quote:
Of all techniques meditation is probably the most widely used on this planet. It also is the most natural, we already do something like it every night. We create the right mindset to fall asleep, such as counting sheep, thinking about things that relax us, not thinking, etc. With this method our goal is to fall asleep, for rest, hopefully when we wake up we will feel restored and satisfied. You could say this is about giving up control.
With meditation it is pretty much the opposite. It is about taking control, taking actions that produce the desired state, and in the end becoming awakened to life's realities.
Meditation in the highest is pursuing truth, reality, soul, self, god, etc.
Meditation begins with focus. The greater our ability to focus on something the greater our ability to see it, be it, feel it, sense it, merge with it and know union with it (Yoga).
With the general technique of meditation there are many sub-techniques (watching the breath, focusing on a meditation symbol, chanting mantras, focusing on thoughts, feelings, sensations, visualizations, merging energies, puja, self inquiry, and surrender).
There is a scintillating, pulsating, vibrating reality within and without us, may we know it.
It has been my observation of others as well as my own experience that meditation at the deeper, more progressed levels is one of the greatest medicines for humankind and for an individual on a body, emotion, mind and spirit level.
http://hinduism.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ&sdn=hinduism&zu=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paint-the-holy-cow.com
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Some Thoughts by Gabi Greve
To stick with our HAIKU subject, I would like to find haiku with meditation in a seasonal context, the thing that happens to you when you do it or observe it. They might even look like senryu.
I think three line aphorisms and witticisms about WHAT is meditation are not so useful for the haiku approach.
To give some rather exaggerated examples from my own experience:
morning meditation -
sneezing monks
in the cold hall
....................... See Eihei-Ji below.
summer heat-
the meditating monks
busy sweating
meditating
thoughts in my mind
freeze in the cold
sitting in Silence
Daruma meditating
in Japanese
But it can be more serious, of course. Since Meditation is very close to my dear Daruma san,
I am much in favor of this topic. Daruma Haiku.
And read about the Japanese ZEN temple Eihei-Ji.
There has been said a lot about Zen Meditation (zazen 座禅). Note that the Japanese word for meditation is MEISOO 瞑想.
In German, we often say : Meditating is a lot better that sitting around doing nothing.
Meditieren ist immer noch besser
als rumsitzen
und nichts tun.
Anyway, about the ZEN aspect in haiku, you might want to recover these articles of myself:
ZEN and Haiku - about the Kamakura Zendo
ZEN and Haiku - short musing
ZEN and Zen-isch, McZen - Cold at Temple Eihei-Ji
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
dhyana. . .
squatting in padmasan
the yogi unmoving
vipassana . . going deep within
. . . all that remains is . .'is'
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
meditation class-
he begins by contemplating
the blonde's navel
To be published in
Simply Haiku, Spring 2006, Volume 4 No. 1.
Ray Rasmussen
http://raysweb.net/haiku_composition/index.html
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
chuckling at my navel ... my navel chuckles back
In the "Californification" of meditation/yoga back in the mid 70s, there was a group meditation/yoga excercise that envolved belly-laughing. If memory serves, a group in a circle would lie "belly to head" (your head on someone's belly in a circle of prone bodies) and start a "belly laugh".
This would start a cascade and multiplication effect and soon bellies would be bobbing heads in an uproarious scene. Well, the more serious would get into a rhythm of breath.
Hmmmmm... I guess you had to be there!
The few times I "practiced" seem to loosen up the group into a silliness.
"chibi" (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes)
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Meditating
in the mroning sun
his long shadow
Meditating
at the river-front before
Buddha's half-closed eyes
R.K.Singh, Dhanbad, India
Read more of R.K.Singh's haiku on meditation.
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
fat man meditates
with his riches around
for mental peace
a cycle rickshaw man
meditates
a song in his lips
shoma
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Meditating in silence
A clear mind
All sins washed away
Kriti
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
meditation hall --
the bumble bee is
back again
Mr. K. Ramesh
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
sitting zazen ... the brown lizard
....... joins us ... to contemplate mu
Simply Haiku, Vol. 2, No. 6
Johnye Strickland
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Kyoto 1987
my left hand
on top of my right -
state of mind
- Shared by Freddy Ben-Arroyo -
Haiku Culture Magazine, 2013
*****************************
Related words
***** Silence (maun)
[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Meditation - Dhyana
***** Location: India, worldwide
***** Season: Non-Seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity
*****************************
Explanation
Buddha meditates –
the hungry folk
just want food
© Photo and Haiku by Gabi Greve
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Meditation - Dhyana
A rose is a rose is a rose is a . . .
A rose by any other name smells as sweet . . .
You call it - meditation - dhyana - zazen- vipassana
Call it what you will - that need to go deep within one-self -
to reach the core - to feel that bliss of nothingness - is something that is common to all of us?
In short meditation is the secret of keeping one's mind uncluttered . . .
a miracle, one would say - but something that is possible.
Modern medical sciences now talk greatly of the benefits of meditation for heart patients, for expecting mothers, the list is endless . . .
Indians have always held the view that dhyana is excellent as a stress reliever and that children going for their exams need to practice meditation.
Kala Ramesh
.......................................................................
source : facebook
.......................................................................
Quote:
Of all techniques meditation is probably the most widely used on this planet. It also is the most natural, we already do something like it every night. We create the right mindset to fall asleep, such as counting sheep, thinking about things that relax us, not thinking, etc. With this method our goal is to fall asleep, for rest, hopefully when we wake up we will feel restored and satisfied. You could say this is about giving up control.
With meditation it is pretty much the opposite. It is about taking control, taking actions that produce the desired state, and in the end becoming awakened to life's realities.
Meditation in the highest is pursuing truth, reality, soul, self, god, etc.
Meditation begins with focus. The greater our ability to focus on something the greater our ability to see it, be it, feel it, sense it, merge with it and know union with it (Yoga).
With the general technique of meditation there are many sub-techniques (watching the breath, focusing on a meditation symbol, chanting mantras, focusing on thoughts, feelings, sensations, visualizations, merging energies, puja, self inquiry, and surrender).
There is a scintillating, pulsating, vibrating reality within and without us, may we know it.
It has been my observation of others as well as my own experience that meditation at the deeper, more progressed levels is one of the greatest medicines for humankind and for an individual on a body, emotion, mind and spirit level.
http://hinduism.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ&sdn=hinduism&zu=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paint-the-holy-cow.com
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Some Thoughts by Gabi Greve
To stick with our HAIKU subject, I would like to find haiku with meditation in a seasonal context, the thing that happens to you when you do it or observe it. They might even look like senryu.
I think three line aphorisms and witticisms about WHAT is meditation are not so useful for the haiku approach.
To give some rather exaggerated examples from my own experience:
morning meditation -
sneezing monks
in the cold hall
....................... See Eihei-Ji below.
summer heat-
the meditating monks
busy sweating
meditating
thoughts in my mind
freeze in the cold
sitting in Silence
Daruma meditating
in Japanese
But it can be more serious, of course. Since Meditation is very close to my dear Daruma san,
I am much in favor of this topic. Daruma Haiku.
And read about the Japanese ZEN temple Eihei-Ji.
There has been said a lot about Zen Meditation (zazen 座禅). Note that the Japanese word for meditation is MEISOO 瞑想.
In German, we often say : Meditating is a lot better that sitting around doing nothing.
Meditieren ist immer noch besser
als rumsitzen
und nichts tun.
Anyway, about the ZEN aspect in haiku, you might want to recover these articles of myself:
ZEN and Haiku - about the Kamakura Zendo
ZEN and Haiku - short musing
ZEN and Zen-isch, McZen - Cold at Temple Eihei-Ji
*****************************
Worldwide use
*****************************
Things found on the way
*****************************
HAIKU
dhyana. . .
squatting in padmasan
the yogi unmoving
vipassana . . going deep within
. . . all that remains is . .'is'
Kala Ramesh
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
meditation class-
he begins by contemplating
the blonde's navel
To be published in
Simply Haiku, Spring 2006, Volume 4 No. 1.
Ray Rasmussen
http://raysweb.net/haiku_composition/index.html
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
chuckling at my navel ... my navel chuckles back
In the "Californification" of meditation/yoga back in the mid 70s, there was a group meditation/yoga excercise that envolved belly-laughing. If memory serves, a group in a circle would lie "belly to head" (your head on someone's belly in a circle of prone bodies) and start a "belly laugh".
This would start a cascade and multiplication effect and soon bellies would be bobbing heads in an uproarious scene. Well, the more serious would get into a rhythm of breath.
Hmmmmm... I guess you had to be there!
The few times I "practiced" seem to loosen up the group into a silliness.
"chibi" (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes)
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Meditating
in the mroning sun
his long shadow
Meditating
at the river-front before
Buddha's half-closed eyes
R.K.Singh, Dhanbad, India
Read more of R.K.Singh's haiku on meditation.
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
fat man meditates
with his riches around
for mental peace
a cycle rickshaw man
meditates
a song in his lips
shoma
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Meditating in silence
A clear mind
All sins washed away
Kriti
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
meditation hall --
the bumble bee is
back again
Mr. K. Ramesh
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
sitting zazen ... the brown lizard
....... joins us ... to contemplate mu
Simply Haiku, Vol. 2, No. 6
Johnye Strickland
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Kyoto 1987
my left hand
on top of my right -
state of mind
- Shared by Freddy Ben-Arroyo -
Haiku Culture Magazine, 2013
*****************************
Related words
***** Silence (maun)
[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
1/01/2006
Monkey
[ . BACK to Worldkigo TOP . ]
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Monkey
***** Location: India, other areas
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Animal
*****************************
Explanation
There are many species of monkeys.
Langur Monkey
The langur monkey is called ''leaf monkeys'' because they eat chiefly leaves. The large stomach and intestines of these monkeys give them potbellied appearance. They also eat fruit, flowers, grass.
The langur monkey has a slender body, with a long tail. Their coat may be red, brown, silver, gray, golden, or black so he can blend in with the places they live in. The adult langur weigh from 11 to 40 pounds. They measure 17 to 31 inches tall, their tail is 21 to 42 inches long. Male langurs are larger then females.
They live in warm humid swamp forest to cold mountains. They live in groups from 10 to 40 members. The langur can jump over a river. They can jump 10 meters
Langur Information Makalapa
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Monkeys at the University Roof
© Photos by Johannes Manjrekar
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The famous Hanuman, the Monkey King !
Hanuman is the son of Vayu, the Hindu god of Wind, and is looked upon by Hindus as the ultimate hero. He represents the figure of the ideal being, as he is humble yet brave. His physical prowess, mental discipline and spiritual purity have made him extremely popular all over India.
As a child, Hanuman mistook the rising sun for a fruit and tried to eat it, in the process disrupting the movements of the nine astrological bodies, the Grahas. When Indra, lord of the skies, hurled his thunderbolt to stop Hanuman, Vayu was so angry that he sucked away the air from the three worlds causing all creatures to choke. Vayu wouldn't release the wind until Indra promised to give Hanuman supernatural powers.
Hanuman is best known from the Indian epic the Ramayana. In this masterwork, Sita, the wife of Prince Rama, is abducted by the demon Ravana. Hanuman leads his army of monkeys and bears to build a bridge from India to the island of Lanka, where Sita was being held.
As Hanuman's armies attacked, Prince Rama rode in on Hanuman's shoulders and fired an arrow into Ravana, killing the demon and liberating Sita.
http://www.siamese-dream.com/reference/hanuman.html
The Mystery of Hanuman
Inspiring Tales from Art and Mythology
In Hindu symbolism, a monkey signifies the human mind, which is ever restless and never still.
The Spiritual Significance of Hanuman
The goal of all mystical yearning is union of the individual soul with the universal soul. In the Adhyatma ('spiritual') Ramayana, a Sanskrit text dating from the fourteenth or fifteenth century, Sita represents the individual (jiva-atma), which has separated from the universal (param-atma) symbolized by Rama. In a beautiful interpretation, Hanuman here is said to personify bhakti, which annihilates the 'ahankara' or ego (Ravana), and re-unites the two.
Read the full article by Nitin Kumar
Exotic India
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In Hindu symbolism, a monkey signifies the human mind, which is ever restless and never still.
Adyaathma Raamaayana is a demystified version of a divine text venerated by innumerable people. Raamaayana is an Ithihaasa [ancient history] so old it is undatable: even the Sanskrit style involves a different grammar I hope people dont demystify The Gods into crude abstractions of Advaita or others.
Hanuman is the eleventh manifestation of Rudra Shiva and still Exists as a Chiranjeevi [ Ever Living ] available for perception in his glorious form.
Hanuman is one of my primary Guru(s)! He initiated me in a dream into yoga about thirty years ago when He appeared in a divine luminous space and showed me my death and my own subtle body[ sooshma shariram ]which passes on into other worlds after death . He also appeared to me in another dream about eight years ago when he revealed his Vishwaroopaam [Cosmic Form].
Anjaneya Hanuman is divinely ornamented with cosmic jewels and he is luminous golden in colour in my visions. Hanuman is also mentioned in other Puraanaas . It may be noted that Anjaneya is also hailed as the greatest linguist grammarian and musician apart from being the special Guru for martial arts like Kalari payatttu [ from Kerala] Gusthi [Wrestling] etc.
Hanuman's Sahasranaama [ thousand names ] are also recited and Lord Sri Rama is The Rishi (Seer) of this revelatory mantram.
Of course, Hanuman is the greatest Bhaktha [devotee] .
Narayanan Raghunathan, August 2006
*****************************
Worldwide use
Japan
monkey, saru 猿
. . . . .
kigo for alll winter
kanen, kan en 寒猿 (かんえん) monkey in the cold
saur sakaru 猿さかる（さるさかる） monkey in heat
. 温泉猿 Monkeys sitting in the Hot Springs !
. . . . .
kigo for the New Year
saru mawashi 猿廻し (さるまわし) monkey dance performance
saru hiki 猿曳（さるひき）
saru hiki 猿引（さるひき）
saru mai shi 猿舞師（さるまいし））trainer of dancing monkeys
maizaru 舞猿（まいざる）dancing monkey
tayuuzaru 大夫猿（たゆうざる）"acting monkey"
. Dance and Kigo .
.................................................................................
Saiyuki, also known as Genso maden Saiyuki (幻想魔伝最遊記, Gensōmaden Saiyūki?, lit. Romanticized Tale of a Journey to the Extreme)
saiyuuki "西遊記" ("Journey to the West" )
Xī Yóu Jì (西遊記) in Chinese
deals with the fortunes of four fighters - the monk Genjyo Sanzo (Romanized Genjo in the anime and Singapore English manga), the monkey deity Son Goku, the half-demon Sha Gojyo (sometimes spelled Gojou), and the demon Cho Hakkai, who have been dispatched by the Sanbutsushin (The Three Aspects of the Buddha) to India to investigate the reasons behind the recent insanity among the demons. Demons, who have formerly coexisted peacefully with humans in Shangri-La, are going berserk and turning against them.
Genjo Sanzo (Genjoo Sanzoo 玄奘三蔵) — Xuan Zang (玄奘) or Tang San Zan (Tang's three scriptures), Buddhist monk who uses a gun which can exterminate demons and a fan to silence Goku and Gojyo when they start to quarrel and can use sutras to defeat stronger demons.
Son Gokū — Sūn Wùkōng (孫悟空), the monkey king, who is equipped with:
kinkoji (緊箍児), a magical head band placed by Sanzō Hōshi / Xuan Zang
nyoiboo (如意棒), an extendable fighting stick
kinto-un (觔斗雲), cloud mobile
Read more in the WIKIPEDIA
SARU, meaning "to go away, to pass" also a sentence like MA GA SARU 魔が去る, the evil will go away, made the monkey (saru) a special object of bringing good luck in Japan.
. Monkey Amulets and Talismans .
ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo
See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil!
Jizo statue of a monkey in Sugamo, Tokyo. The pedestal carving depicts the Three Monkeys covering eyes, ears and mouth.
© PHOTO nipponia / animals
monkey teachers . . .
to observe, to listen
to recite haiku
Gabi Greve
another look at the three wise monkeys
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Monkey's Raincoat
初しぐれ猿も小蓑をほしげ也
hatsushigure saru mo komino o hoshige nari
first snow shower -
even the monkeys would want
a straw raincoat
(Tr. Gabi Greve)
Sarumino 猿蓑 : Linked Poetry of the Basho School
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Kenya
. Monkey haiku from Kenya
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Philippines
. Tarsier / Tarsius syrichta
The world's smallest monkey !
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Malaysia
Monkey on the fence
Lived in an Anchor Beer crate
Sweet thing….. Snake screamer
At the Police Married Quarters in Kuching, Sarawak in about 1963. There were monkeys posted all around the perimeter fence as early warning for snakes.
This one was called Queenie.
- Shared by Res John Burman -
Joys of Japan, 2012
. MALAYSIA SAIJIKI .
*****************************
Things found on the way
Daruma Doll Museum : Saru - Monkey
by Gabi Greve
Migawari Monkey, the Monkey Charm of Naramachi Japan
身代わり猿、奈良町
ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo
Monkey business on Delhi Metro New Delhi
They say it takes a thief to catch a thief, but India's Delhi Metro has hired a monkey to frighten off other monkeys from boarding trains and upsetting passengers.
The langur monkey, trained since the age of three months, has been patrolling monkey-prone stations on a leash. In June, a monkey boarded a train at the underground Chawri Bazaar station and reportedly scared passengers by scowling at them for three stops. It then alighted at Civil Lines station.
The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation says it hopes the new hire will avert a repeat of that episode. "It started working about a month ago and since then we've not had a single incident," said Anuj Dayal, a metro spokesman. The langur's keeper - or langurwallah - is being paid 6,900 rupees (80 pounds) a month. Langur monkeys are similarly employed around the grounds of parliament and some government buildings in New Delhi.
© Thursday, 03 August , 2006 (Reuter)
*****************************
HAIKU
lunch break
a langur looks out
from the classroom
evening moon
a langur rests against
the TV aerial
my window bars
langurs playing
on the grass
Johannes Manjrekar, 2006
morning light
the langur's black face
and silver halo
Johannes Manjrekar, 2007
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
A monkey snatches
a bunch of banana and eats-
sitting on a parapet.
Aju Mukhopadhyay, August 2007
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Go tell your monkey
that I don't see things
the way he does
CJ, haikumagic blogspot
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
the monkey
monkey faced with monkey acts-
the year passes
Kala Ramesh, India
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Alone
on the National Highway
Hanuman
Hanuman on the highway is a familiar sight. There are Hanuman temples (on both sides of the National Highway) most of which remain unvisited by people. Also, there are frequent appearances of monkeys on the highway that disrupt traffic. Recently there was a widespread media coverage of monkey-menace in Delhi. They are also in the holy city of Varanasi.
--R.K.SINGH, India, November 2007
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Monkeys
Half eaten fruits left,
without a rhyme or reason
are meaningless words.
Minal Sarosh, India January 2008
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
monkey business
around the world
we look at each other
Gabi Greve, August 2006
... ... ...
monkey peace ...
picking fleas off
each other's backs
Ella Wagemakers
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
fleeing the bees
the monkey's restless
eyes
hachi nigete saru wa kyoro-kyoro manako kana
蜂逃て猿はきょろきょろ眼哉
by Issa, 1824
Tr. David Lanoue
*****************************
Related words
***** dancing monkeys, maizaru 舞猿 in Japan
sarumawashi 猿廻し (さるまわし)
Kigo for the New Year
***** Crape myrtle (sarusuberi) Japan
Lit. Even monkeys fall from trees!
Kigo for Mid-Summer
. ANIMALS in all SEASONS
SAIJIKI
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Monkey
***** Location: India, other areas
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Animal
*****************************
Explanation
There are many species of monkeys.
Langur Monkey
The langur monkey is called ''leaf monkeys'' because they eat chiefly leaves. The large stomach and intestines of these monkeys give them potbellied appearance. They also eat fruit, flowers, grass.
The langur monkey has a slender body, with a long tail. Their coat may be red, brown, silver, gray, golden, or black so he can blend in with the places they live in. The adult langur weigh from 11 to 40 pounds. They measure 17 to 31 inches tall, their tail is 21 to 42 inches long. Male langurs are larger then females.
They live in warm humid swamp forest to cold mountains. They live in groups from 10 to 40 members. The langur can jump over a river. They can jump 10 meters
Langur Information Makalapa
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Monkeys at the University Roof
© Photos by Johannes Manjrekar
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
The famous Hanuman, the Monkey King !
Hanuman is the son of Vayu, the Hindu god of Wind, and is looked upon by Hindus as the ultimate hero. He represents the figure of the ideal being, as he is humble yet brave. His physical prowess, mental discipline and spiritual purity have made him extremely popular all over India.
As a child, Hanuman mistook the rising sun for a fruit and tried to eat it, in the process disrupting the movements of the nine astrological bodies, the Grahas. When Indra, lord of the skies, hurled his thunderbolt to stop Hanuman, Vayu was so angry that he sucked away the air from the three worlds causing all creatures to choke. Vayu wouldn't release the wind until Indra promised to give Hanuman supernatural powers.
Hanuman is best known from the Indian epic the Ramayana. In this masterwork, Sita, the wife of Prince Rama, is abducted by the demon Ravana. Hanuman leads his army of monkeys and bears to build a bridge from India to the island of Lanka, where Sita was being held.
As Hanuman's armies attacked, Prince Rama rode in on Hanuman's shoulders and fired an arrow into Ravana, killing the demon and liberating Sita.
http://www.siamese-dream.com/reference/hanuman.html
The Mystery of Hanuman
Inspiring Tales from Art and Mythology
In Hindu symbolism, a monkey signifies the human mind, which is ever restless and never still.
The Spiritual Significance of Hanuman
The goal of all mystical yearning is union of the individual soul with the universal soul. In the Adhyatma ('spiritual') Ramayana, a Sanskrit text dating from the fourteenth or fifteenth century, Sita represents the individual (jiva-atma), which has separated from the universal (param-atma) symbolized by Rama. In a beautiful interpretation, Hanuman here is said to personify bhakti, which annihilates the 'ahankara' or ego (Ravana), and re-unites the two.
Read the full article by Nitin Kumar
Exotic India
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
In Hindu symbolism, a monkey signifies the human mind, which is ever restless and never still.
Adyaathma Raamaayana is a demystified version of a divine text venerated by innumerable people. Raamaayana is an Ithihaasa [ancient history] so old it is undatable: even the Sanskrit style involves a different grammar I hope people dont demystify The Gods into crude abstractions of Advaita or others.
Hanuman is the eleventh manifestation of Rudra Shiva and still Exists as a Chiranjeevi [ Ever Living ] available for perception in his glorious form.
Hanuman is one of my primary Guru(s)! He initiated me in a dream into yoga about thirty years ago when He appeared in a divine luminous space and showed me my death and my own subtle body[ sooshma shariram ]which passes on into other worlds after death . He also appeared to me in another dream about eight years ago when he revealed his Vishwaroopaam [Cosmic Form].
Anjaneya Hanuman is divinely ornamented with cosmic jewels and he is luminous golden in colour in my visions. Hanuman is also mentioned in other Puraanaas . It may be noted that Anjaneya is also hailed as the greatest linguist grammarian and musician apart from being the special Guru for martial arts like Kalari payatttu [ from Kerala] Gusthi [Wrestling] etc.
Hanuman's Sahasranaama [ thousand names ] are also recited and Lord Sri Rama is The Rishi (Seer) of this revelatory mantram.
Of course, Hanuman is the greatest Bhaktha [devotee] .
Narayanan Raghunathan, August 2006
*****************************
Worldwide use
Japan
monkey, saru 猿
. . . . .
kigo for alll winter
kanen, kan en 寒猿 (かんえん) monkey in the cold
saur sakaru 猿さかる（さるさかる） monkey in heat
. 温泉猿 Monkeys sitting in the Hot Springs !
. . . . .
kigo for the New Year
saru mawashi 猿廻し (さるまわし) monkey dance performance
saru hiki 猿曳（さるひき）
saru hiki 猿引（さるひき）
saru mai shi 猿舞師（さるまいし））trainer of dancing monkeys
maizaru 舞猿（まいざる）dancing monkey
tayuuzaru 大夫猿（たゆうざる）"acting monkey"
. Dance and Kigo .
.................................................................................
Saiyuki, also known as Genso maden Saiyuki (幻想魔伝最遊記, Gensōmaden Saiyūki?, lit. Romanticized Tale of a Journey to the Extreme)
saiyuuki "西遊記" ("Journey to the West" )
Xī Yóu Jì (西遊記) in Chinese
deals with the fortunes of four fighters - the monk Genjyo Sanzo (Romanized Genjo in the anime and Singapore English manga), the monkey deity Son Goku, the half-demon Sha Gojyo (sometimes spelled Gojou), and the demon Cho Hakkai, who have been dispatched by the Sanbutsushin (The Three Aspects of the Buddha) to India to investigate the reasons behind the recent insanity among the demons. Demons, who have formerly coexisted peacefully with humans in Shangri-La, are going berserk and turning against them.
Genjo Sanzo (Genjoo Sanzoo 玄奘三蔵) — Xuan Zang (玄奘) or Tang San Zan (Tang's three scriptures), Buddhist monk who uses a gun which can exterminate demons and a fan to silence Goku and Gojyo when they start to quarrel and can use sutras to defeat stronger demons.
Son Gokū — Sūn Wùkōng (孫悟空), the monkey king, who is equipped with:
kinkoji (緊箍児), a magical head band placed by Sanzō Hōshi / Xuan Zang
nyoiboo (如意棒), an extendable fighting stick
kinto-un (觔斗雲), cloud mobile
Read more in the WIKIPEDIA
SARU, meaning "to go away, to pass" also a sentence like MA GA SARU 魔が去る, the evil will go away, made the monkey (saru) a special object of bringing good luck in Japan.
. Monkey Amulets and Talismans .
ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo
See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil!
Jizo statue of a monkey in Sugamo, Tokyo. The pedestal carving depicts the Three Monkeys covering eyes, ears and mouth.
© PHOTO nipponia / animals
monkey teachers . . .
to observe, to listen
to recite haiku
Gabi Greve
another look at the three wise monkeys
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Monkey's Raincoat
初しぐれ猿も小蓑をほしげ也
hatsushigure saru mo komino o hoshige nari
first snow shower -
even the monkeys would want
a straw raincoat
(Tr. Gabi Greve)
Sarumino 猿蓑 : Linked Poetry of the Basho School
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Kenya
. Monkey haiku from Kenya
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Philippines
. Tarsier / Tarsius syrichta
The world's smallest monkey !
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Malaysia
Monkey on the fence
Lived in an Anchor Beer crate
Sweet thing….. Snake screamer
At the Police Married Quarters in Kuching, Sarawak in about 1963. There were monkeys posted all around the perimeter fence as early warning for snakes.
This one was called Queenie.
- Shared by Res John Burman -
Joys of Japan, 2012
. MALAYSIA SAIJIKI .
*****************************
Things found on the way
Daruma Doll Museum : Saru - Monkey
by Gabi Greve
Migawari Monkey, the Monkey Charm of Naramachi Japan
身代わり猿、奈良町
ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo
Monkey business on Delhi Metro New Delhi
They say it takes a thief to catch a thief, but India's Delhi Metro has hired a monkey to frighten off other monkeys from boarding trains and upsetting passengers.
The langur monkey, trained since the age of three months, has been patrolling monkey-prone stations on a leash. In June, a monkey boarded a train at the underground Chawri Bazaar station and reportedly scared passengers by scowling at them for three stops. It then alighted at Civil Lines station.
The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation says it hopes the new hire will avert a repeat of that episode. "It started working about a month ago and since then we've not had a single incident," said Anuj Dayal, a metro spokesman. The langur's keeper - or langurwallah - is being paid 6,900 rupees (80 pounds) a month. Langur monkeys are similarly employed around the grounds of parliament and some government buildings in New Delhi.
© Thursday, 03 August , 2006 (Reuter)
*****************************
HAIKU
lunch break
a langur looks out
from the classroom
evening moon
a langur rests against
the TV aerial
my window bars
langurs playing
on the grass
Johannes Manjrekar, 2006
morning light
the langur's black face
and silver halo
Johannes Manjrekar, 2007
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
A monkey snatches
a bunch of banana and eats-
sitting on a parapet.
Aju Mukhopadhyay, August 2007
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Go tell your monkey
that I don't see things
the way he does
CJ, haikumagic blogspot
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
the monkey
monkey faced with monkey acts-
the year passes
Kala Ramesh, India
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Alone
on the National Highway
Hanuman
Hanuman on the highway is a familiar sight. There are Hanuman temples (on both sides of the National Highway) most of which remain unvisited by people. Also, there are frequent appearances of monkeys on the highway that disrupt traffic. Recently there was a widespread media coverage of monkey-menace in Delhi. They are also in the holy city of Varanasi.
--R.K.SINGH, India, November 2007
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Monkeys
Half eaten fruits left,
without a rhyme or reason
are meaningless words.
Minal Sarosh, India January 2008
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
monkey business
around the world
we look at each other
Gabi Greve, August 2006
... ... ...
monkey peace ...
picking fleas off
each other's backs
Ella Wagemakers
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
fleeing the bees
the monkey's restless
eyes
hachi nigete saru wa kyoro-kyoro manako kana
蜂逃て猿はきょろきょろ眼哉
by Issa, 1824
Tr. David Lanoue
*****************************
Related words
***** dancing monkeys, maizaru 舞猿 in Japan
sarumawashi 猿廻し (さるまわし)
Kigo for the New Year
***** Crape myrtle (sarusuberi) Japan
Lit. Even monkeys fall from trees!
Kigo for Mid-Summer
. ANIMALS in all SEASONS
SAIJIKI
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
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